湖南省老年健康体检人群饮食习惯与幽门螺杆菌感染的相关性
颜萍平 , 汤观秀 , 刘佳 , 王芬 , 刘小芳 , 朱小伶
中南大学学报(医学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (12) : 2399 -2406.
湖南省老年健康体检人群饮食习惯与幽门螺杆菌感染的相关性
Association between dietary habits and Helicobacter pylori infection in elderly health examination population in Hunan province
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目的 老年人群是幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacterpylori,Hp)感染的高危群体,饮食习惯是影响其感染的关键因素。本研究旨在探究老年健康体检人群饮食习惯与Hp感染的相关性。 方法 采用横断面调查方法,纳入2017年1月至2024年11月在中南大学湘雅三医院健康管理医学中心体检的6 160例60岁以上健康人群作为研究对象。通过13C尿素呼气试验检测Hp感染状态。采用问卷收集人口学特征及饮食习惯数据。采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归模型分析饮食习惯与Hp感染状况的相关性。 结果 研究对象总体Hp感染率为24.1%。单因素分析结果显示,聚餐频率≥1次/周(χ2=5.783,P=0.016)、牛奶摄入频率≥3次/周(χ2=3.959,P=0.047)、肥肉摄入频率≥3次/周(χ2=3.156,P=0.076)、动物内脏摄入频率≥1次/周(χ2=6.101,P=0.014)、饮食多样性评分(dietary diversity score,DDS)分级(χ2=5.297,P=0.071)均与Hp感染显著相关。经多因素分析调整慢性疾病等混杂因素后,Logistic回归结果显示,聚餐频率≥1次/周(OR=1.320,95% CI 1.053~1.655)、牛奶摄入频率≥3次/周(OR=1.246,95% CI 1.085~1.431)、动物内脏摄入频率≥1次/周(OR=1.171,95% CI 1.037~1.322)是Hp感染的独立危险因素。饮食多样性是Hp感染的保护因素,相较于低多样性组 (DDS≤5),适中(DDS为6~7)、高(DDS≥8)多样性组的Hp感染风险分别降低21.6%(OR=0.784,95% CI 0.630~0.975)和27.6%(OR=0.724,95% CI 0.587~0.892)。 结论 高频聚餐、过量乳制品及动物内脏摄入可能增加老年健康体检人群Hp感染风险,饮食多样化具有保护作用。
Objective The elderly population is a high-risk group for Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection, and dietary habits are key factors influencing infection. This study aims to explore the association between dietary habits and Hp infection in an elderly health examination population. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted, including 6 160 healthy individuals aged over 60 years who underwent health examinations at the Healthcare Management Medical Center of the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between January 2017 and November 2024. Hp infection status was detected using the 13C urea breath test. Demographic characteristics and dietary habit data were collected using questionnaires. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between dietary habits and Hp infection status. Results The overall Hp infection rate among the study population was 24.1% (1 488/6 160). Univariate analysis showed that dining out in groups ≥1 time/week (χ2 =5.783, P=0.016), milk consumption ≥3 times/week (χ2 =3.959, P=0.047), fatty meat intake ≥3 times/week (χ2 =3.156, P=0.076), animal viscera intake ≥1 time/week (χ2=6.101, P=0.014), and dietary diversity score (DDS) classification (χ2=5.297, P=0.071) were significantly associated with Hp infection. After adjusting for confounding factors such as chronic diseases in multivariate analysis, Logistic regression results showed that dining out in groups ≥1 time/week (OR=1.320, 95% CI 1.053 to 1.655), milk intake ≥3 times/week (OR=1.246, 95% CI 1.085 to 1.431), and animal viscera intake ≥1 time/week (OR=1.171, 95% CI 1.037 to 1.322) were independent risk factors for Hp infection. Dietary diversity was a protective factor for Hp infection. Compared with the low-diversity group (DDS≤5), the risk of Hp infection decreased by 21.6% (OR=0.784, 95% CI 0.63 to 0.975) in the medium-diversity group (DDS 6-7) and by 27.6% (OR=0.724, 95% CI 0.587 to 0.892) in the high-diversity group (DDS≥8). Conclusion Frequent group dining, excessive intake of dairy products and animal viscera may increase the risk of Hp infection in the elderly health examination population, while dietary diversity has a protective effect.
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