宁夏银北地区盐渍化土壤水盐变异特征
Variation Characteristics of Soil Water and Salt of Salinized Soil in Yinbei Area of Ningxia
受气候、地形的影响,宁夏银北灌区土壤剖面盐分具有较强的时空异质性,运用地统计学、等值线图的方法分析土壤水盐变异特征,有助于系统认识和掌握水盐分布规律,从而为宁夏银北灌区低洼盐渍土的预防及其科学利用提供理论依据。以宁夏银北典型盐渍土地区平罗县盐碱地改良试验站103 hm2耕地及人造林为研究区,采用室外调查与室内检测相结合的方式,分层采集土壤样品,测定土壤水分、盐分,运用地统计学、基于克里金插值绘制等值线图的方法探讨研究区土壤水盐空间分布特征。结果表明:①0~100 cm土壤剖面水分为弱变异和中等变异,盐分为中等变异,随着土层深度增加土壤水盐变异性减弱;②0~20 cm土壤水分受空间结构和随机因素的共同影响,20 cm以下土壤水分具有强烈的空间相关性,土壤盐分受自然结构性因素影响较大,人为随机因素对土壤盐分空间异质性的贡献较小;③研究区以轻、中度盐渍土为主,自相关引起的土壤盐分空间变异性较强,土壤盐分空间结构特征可利用高斯模型和指数模型描述;④研究区北侧林草稀疏,土壤盐碱化较重,南侧有排水沟,通过侧渗起到排盐作用,因此完善的排水系统能够保障农田水盐平衡。
Due to the influences of climate and topography, soil salinity profiles in the Yinbei area of Ningxia exhibit considerable spatial and temporal heterogeneity. This study employs geostatistical methods and isocontour mapping to analyze the variation characteristics of soil water and salt, thereby facilitating a systematic understanding of the distribution patterns of these factors and providing a theoretical foundation for the prevention and scientific utilization of low-lying saline soils in the Yinbei irrigation area of Ningxia. The research focuses on an area of 103 hm2 of cultivated land and afforested land at the Saline-Alkali Land Improvement Experimental Station in Pingluo County in northern Yinchuan. Soil samples were collected through stratified sampling, incorporating both field surveys and laboratory analyses to measure soil moisture and salinity. The spatial distribution characteristics of soil water and salt were assessed through geostatistics and Kriging interpolation, resulting in the generation of contour maps. The results show that: ① In the 0~100 cm soil profiles, water content exhibits weak to moderate variability, while salinity shows moderate variability, with both water and salt variability decreasing with increasing soil depth; ② Water content in the 0~20 cm soil layer is influenced by both spatial structures and random factors, whereas below 20 cm, it displays strong spatial correlation. Soil salinity is primarily influenced by natural structural factors, with minimal contributions from human-induced random factors; ③ The predominant soil types in the study area are of moderate salinity, exhibiting medium variability and strong spatial variability due to autocorrelation, with spatial structure characteristics of salinity well described by Gaussian and Exponential models; ④ Notably, areas with sparse forest and grass to the north exhibit significan soil salinization, while the southern area benefits from drainage ditches that effectively facilitate salt leaching. Thus, a comprehensive drainage system is vital for maintaining water-salt balance in agricultural fields. This study elucidates the spatiotemporal variations of water and salt in the low-lying saline soils of Yinbei, Ningxia, providing a theoretical basis for their prevention and utilization.
| [1] |
王旭,孙兆军,杨军, |
| [2] |
|
| [3] |
刘涛.宁夏引黄灌区盐碱荒地水肥盐与植物根系调控技术研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2020. |
| [4] |
|
| [5] |
|
| [6] |
|
| [7] |
|
| [8] |
鲁力,李升,高远, |
| [9] |
谢正丰,王冬梅,张鹏, |
| [10] |
马贵仁,屈忠义,王丽萍, |
| [11] |
张旭.银川平原土壤盐分空间分布及驱动因子研究[D].银川:宁夏大学,2022. |
| [12] |
张术伟,王卓然,常春艳, |
| [13] |
窦旭,史海滨,苗庆丰, |
| [14] |
秦京涛,吕谋超,邓忠, |
| [15] |
|
| [16] |
张天举,陈永金,刘加珍.基于典范对应分析的滨海湿地土壤季节性盐渍化特征[J].生态学报,2019,39(9):3322-3332. |
| [17] |
|
| [18] |
|
| [19] |
谷晓伟,韩金旭,张凤燃, |
| [20] |
鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].3版.北京:中国农业出版社,2000. |
| [21] |
|
| [22] |
刘文全,卢芳,徐兴永, |
| [23] |
王全九,毕磊,张继红.新疆包头湖灌区农田土壤水盐热特性空间变异特征[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(18): 138-145. |
| [24] |
陈星星,张江辉,才仁加甫, |
| [25] |
吴亚坤,李金彪,高昊辰, |
| [26] |
朱金籴,郭世文,杨永利, |
| [27] |
崔昆,赵庚星,王卓然, |
宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2022BBF03032-03)
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1900605-05)
宁夏回族自治区农业科技自主创新项目(NGSB-2021-11-03)
农业基础性长期性科技工作观测监测(NAES091AE18┫等项目联合资助)
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |