24份宁夏地区葡萄种质资源遗传多样性分析
李珊 , 马登辉 , 赵佳慧 , 张宁 , 冯美 , 李翔 , 尹晓
农业科学研究(中英文) ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (02) : 65 -72.
24份宁夏地区葡萄种质资源遗传多样性分析
Analysis of genetic diversity in 24 grape germplasm resources from Ningxia region
对宁夏地区葡萄(Vitis vinifera L.)品种进行遗传多样性分析和指纹图谱构建,为葡萄分子育种、遗传改良和种质资源鉴定提供理论基础和参考依据。以24 份葡萄种质为材料,从30 对引物中筛选出多态性及稳定性较高的SSR引物进行PCR扩增。结果表明:筛选出的18 对多态性高、稳定性好的引物,共检测到277 个等位基因,每对SSR引物扩增出等位基因数(Na)6~24 个,平均15.389 个。VMC4F3-1标记扩增等位基因数最多,其次是VMC1C10和Vchr3a,Vchr17a标记最少。有效等位基因数(Ne)为135.039,平均有效等位基因数为7.502,Shannon’s信息指数(I)和多态性信息含量(PIC)分别为1.550~2.517和0.729~0.940。18 对引物中,以引物VMC4F3-1的Na、Ne、I和PIC最高。聚类结果表明,供试葡萄品种分为3 个类群,与Structure群体遗传结构分析和主坐标分析结果高度一致。此外,利用18 对SSR引物构建了24 个葡萄品种的DNA指纹图谱。宁夏地区的葡萄品种具有丰富的遗传多样性,可为中国其他省市葡萄种质资源保存、评价与利用提供参考。
This study analyzed the genetic diversity of grape varieties in Ningxia and constructed a fingerprinting map, providing a theoretical basis and reference for molecular breeding, genetic improvement and germplasm resource identification of grapes. A total of 24 grape germplasm samples were utilized as materials, and SSR primers with high polymorphism and stability were selected from 30 pairs of primers for PCR amplification. The results showed that 18 pairs of high polymorphic and stable primers were selected, resulting in a total of 277 alleles detected, with the number of alleles (Na) amplified by each SSR primer ranging from 6 to 24, averaging 15.389. The VMC4F3-1 marker amplified the highest number of alleles, followed by VMC1C10 and Vchr3a, while Vchr17a had the fewest. The effective number of alleles (Ne) was 135.039, with an average effective number of alleles of 7.502. The Shannon information index (I) and polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 1.550 to 2.517 and from 0.729 to 0.940, respectively. Among the 18 pairs of primers, VMC4F3-1 had the highest Na, Ne, I, and PIC. The clustering results indicated that the tested grape varieties were divided into three groups, which were highly consistent with the results of Structure population genetic structure analysis and principal coordinate analysis. Furthermore, a DNA fingerprinting map of the 24 grape varieties was constructed using the 18 pairs of SSR primers. The grape varieties in the Ningxia region exhibit rich genetic diversity, which can provide a reference for the conservation, evaluation, and utilization of grape germplasm resources in other provinces and cities in China.
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宁夏自然科学基金项目(2022AAC03010)
宁夏重点研发计划项目(2021BBF03006)
宁夏重点研发计划项目(2022BBF03004)
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