奶牛乳腺炎源肺炎克雷伯菌毒力基因分布及kfuBC与耐药的相关性研究
徐奕 , 吴欣悦 , 徐天乐
农业科学研究(中英文) ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (3) : 64 -72.
奶牛乳腺炎源肺炎克雷伯菌毒力基因分布及kfuBC与耐药的相关性研究
Distribution of virulence genes and association of kfuBC with antimicrobial resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from bovine mastitis
肺炎克雷伯菌(Klebsiella pneumoniae,KP)是奶牛乳腺炎的重要致病菌之一,为分析KP毒力基因及其耐药性,并进一步研究两者之间的相关性,利用PCR法检测KP中常见11 种毒力基因的表达情况。结合K-B试验结果,根据毒力基因与耐药相关性分析筛选出毒力基因kfuBC;采用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)方法检测kfuBC表达量,随机选取高表达、低表达和未表达kfuBC基因的KP各3 株,用其感染奶牛原代乳腺上皮细胞(pbMEC)并构建小鼠致病模型;构建体外细胞及体内小鼠攻毒模型检测其致病力。结果表明:KP分离株同时携带多种毒力基因,kfuBC毒力基因的表达与KP耐药数、多种抗生素的耐药性呈显著或极显著负相关。细胞和小鼠试验结果提示,kfuBC毒力基因的表达量对pbMEC活力、促炎细胞因子及血清指标等都有不同程度影响,攻毒小鼠的严重肝损伤表明kfuBC高表达的KP致病力较高。试验结果揭示了KP的毒力基因分布与耐药性的相关性,有望以kfuBC作为关键毒力基因来调控KP毒力及其耐药,为指导牧场合理用药及乳腺炎疾病防治提供理论依据。
Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) is one of the major pathogens causing bovine mastitis. To characterize the virulence genes and antimicrobial resistance of KP and further investigate the relationship between them, PCR was used to detect 11 common virulence genes in KP isolates. Based on the results of the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion test and the correlation analysis between virulence genes and antimicrobial resistance, the virulence gene kfuBC was selected for further investigation, and its transcript levels were determined using reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Three KP isolates each with high, low, or undetectable kfuBC expression were randomly selected to infect primary bovine mammary epithelial cells (pbMECs) and to establish a mouse infection model. These in vitro cell and in vivo mouse challenge models were used to evaluate the pathogenicity of the isolates. The results showed that the KP isolates simultaneously harbored multiple virulence genes. The expression level of kfuBC was significantly or highly significantly negatively correlated with both the number of antimicrobial agents to which the isolates were resistant and their resistance phenotypes for multiple antimicrobial agents. The cell and mouse experiments indicated that kfuBC expression levels affected pbMEC viability, pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, and serum indices to varying degrees. Severe liver injury in mice challenged with KP isolates exhibiting high kfuBC expression indicated that these isolates were more pathogenic. This study revealed associations between the distribution of virulence genes and antimicrobial resistance in KP and suggests that kfuBC may serve as a key virulence-associated gene for modulating KP virulence and antimicrobial resistance. These findings provide a theoretical basis for guiding the rational use of antimicrobial agents on dairy farms and for the prevention and control of bovine mastitis.
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国家自然科学基金青年项目(32202883)
江苏省高等学校基础科学(自然科学)研究项目(25KJA230003)
扬州大学大学生科技创新基金项目(校重点)
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