‘赤霞珠’葡萄初选早熟优株果实中香气物质组分比较
刘玲君 , 李映龙 , 王佳悦 , 李娟 , 周杰 , 解晓海 , 王家莹
农业科学研究(中英文) ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (02) : 88 -96.
‘赤霞珠’葡萄初选早熟优株果实中香气物质组分比较
Comparison of aroma compound components in early maturing superior varieties of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ grapes
为了筛选果实品质更优的‘赤霞珠’(Vitis vinifera L. ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’)早熟优株,利用顶空-固相微萃取、气相色谱-质谱联用法,比较‘赤霞珠’初选早熟优株果实理化指标、香气物质组分之间的差异。结果表明:初选早熟优株果实中总糖、花色苷、单宁、总酚含量均高于对照组(CK),其中CSES-18-14和CSES-26-25果实中这些物质的含量比CK高20.4%~172.1%,差异具有高度统计学意义(P<0.01)。所有初选优株果实中可滴定酸含量比CK低5.8%~15.9%,其中CSES-18-14果实中可滴定酸含量比CK低15.9%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。所有果实样品中共检测出136种香气物质,种类最多的是醇类和醛类香气物质;含量最高的是醛类香气物质。3 个初选优株果实的香气物质种类和含量均高于CK。CSES-26-25果实中酯、酮、醛、酸、醇类香气物质的含量比CK高19.4%~166.9%;香气种类数量比CK多33.3%,差异均具有高度统计学意义(P<0.01)。主成分分析表明,CSES-26-25的综合得分最高,表明CSES-26-25果实品质综合评价优于CK和其他优株。因此,‘赤霞珠’初选早熟优株可以通过影响果实的成熟度提高果实的品质和促进香气物质的积累;CSES-26-25初选早熟优株经进一步鉴定后,可以在酿酒葡萄产区推广以提高宁夏的葡萄与葡萄酒品质。
In order to select superior early maturing varieties of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ (Vitis vinifera L. ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’) with better fruit quality, this study utilized headspace-solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to compare the differences in physicochemical indicators and aroma compound components of the early maturing superior varieties of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’. The results showed that the total sugar, anthocyanins, tannins, and total phenol content in the fruits of the early maturing superior varieties were higher than those in the control group (CK), with the content in CSES-18-14 and CSES-26-25 fruits increasing by 20.4% to 172.1% compared to CK, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01). The titratable acidity of all early superior varieties was 5.8% to 15.9% lower than that of CK, with CSES-18-14 showing a titratable acidity reduction of 15.9% compared to CK, which was statistically significant (P<0.05). A total of 136 aroma compounds were detected in all fruit samples, with alcohols and aldehydes being the most abundant; the highest content was found in aldehydes. The aroma compound types and contents in the three early superior varieties were higher than those in CK. The content of esters, ketones, aldehydes, acids, and alcohols in CSES-26-25 fruits increased by 19.4% to 166.9% compared to CK; the number of aroma types increased by 33.3% compared to CK, and the differences were highly significant (P<0.01). Principal component analysis indicated that CSES-26-25 had the highest comprehensive score, suggesting that the fruit quality of CSES-26-25 was superior to that of CK and other superior varieties. Therefore, the early maturing superior varieties of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ can enhance fruit quality and promote the accumulation of aroma compounds by influencing fruit maturity; the CSES-26-25 early maturing superior variety can be promoted in wine grape production areas after further identification to improve the quality of grapes and wines in Ningxia.
| [1] |
叶楚,谢炳春,李涛, |
| [2] |
王庆华,王磊,吴文江, |
| [3] |
张莹莹,郑天一,王慧铃, |
| [4] |
|
| [5] |
温可睿,黄敬寒,潘秋红, |
| [6] |
|
| [7] |
|
| [8] |
林玉友,郭修武,蒋春光, |
| [9] |
刘政海,陈崇垚,董志刚, |
| [10] |
马小英,单守明.发酵温度及果实成熟度对北红葡萄酒香气的影响[J].农业科学研究,2023,44(3):51-57. |
| [11] |
黄奕琦,朱玉琴,杜肇轩, |
| [12] |
刘子雨.S-诱抗素对贺兰山东麓‘北红’和‘赤霞珠’葡萄果实中酚类物质积累的影响[D].银川:宁夏大学,2019. |
| [13] |
马龙,马东海,刘鑫, |
| [14] |
邹琦.植物生理生化实验指导[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003:53-76. |
| [15] |
高俊凤.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006:133-155. |
| [16] |
牛早柱,陈展,赵艳卓, |
宁夏农业关键核心技术攻关项目(NXNYKJ202304)
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |