页岩储层甜点预测与评价方法研究进展与展望

Research Progress and Prospect of Sweet Spot Prediction and Evaluation Methods for Shale Reservoirs

摘要

针对我国油气对外依存度高、页岩油气规模效益开发对储层甜点精准预测与评价的核心需求, 系统梳理页岩储层甜点预测与评价方法的研究进展, 明确各类方法的适用性与局限性, 为页岩油气勘探开发高效部署提供理论参考与技术支撑。基于国内外相关研究成果, 围绕地质甜点与工程甜点两大核心维度, 从岩心实验测试、测井与地震资料分析、数值模拟三类主流技术路径, 系统剖析了甜点评价的核心控制因素、指标体系与技术特征。研究明确了地质-工程“双甜点”评价理念已成为行业共识, 阐明了三类评价方法的核心优势, 同时指出岩心实验尺度转换不确定性、测井地震解释多解性、数值模拟精度受简化假设制约等关键局限。未来页岩储层甜点评价需向多维度一体化、智能多源数据融合、多物理场耦合动态评价方向发展, 以全面提升预测精准度与工程适用性。

Abstract

Given the accurate prediction and evaluation of reservoir sweet spots, a core demand for the large-scale and cost-effective development of shale oil and gas against the backdrop of China’s high dependence of imported oil and gas, this study systematically reviews the research progress of prediction and evaluation methods for shale reservoir sweet spots, clarifies the applicability and limitations of various methods, and provides theoretical reference and technical support for the efficient deployment of shale oil and gas exploration and development. Based on relevant domestic and international research achievements, this study focuses on two core dimensions, namely the geological and engineering sweet spots, and systematically analyzes the core control factors, index system and technical characteristics of sweet spot evaluation with respect to three mainstream technical routes：experimental core tests, well logging and seismic data analysis, and numerical simulation. It is demonstrated that the evaluation concept of the geological-engineering "dual sweet spot" has become a consensus across the industry. Moreover, the core advantages of the three types of evaluation methods are clarified, and the key limitations are presented, including the uncertainty of scale conversion in core experiments, the multiplicity of well logging and seismic interpretation, and the accuracy of numerical simulation restricted by simplified assumptions. Finally, it is pointed out that the future evaluation of shale reservoir sweet spots needs to develop towards multi-dimensional integration, intelligent multi-source data fusion, and multi-physical field coupling dynamic evaluation, so as to comprehensively improve the prediction accuracy and engineering applicability.

关键词

页岩储层 / 地质甜点 / 工程甜点 / 智能预测 / 多物理场耦合

Key words

shale reservoir / geological sweet spot / engineering sweet spot / intelligent prediction / multi-physical field coupling

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金面上项目“纳米油基钻屑填充超低密度支撑剂的强化机制研究”(52574051)

中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大科技专项“多类型页岩油个性化压裂技术与试验”(2023ZZ28YJ04)