Aiming at the problem of low estimation accuracy of direction of arrival (DOA) of traditional algorithms in low signal-to-noise ratio, small snapshots, and multiple sources, a method of DOA estimation for vector hydrophone arrays based on complex approximate message passing (MCAMP) and K-nearest neighbour (KNN) algorithm of the multiple measurement vector model was proposed. Firstly, based on the equal angle division of airspace, an overcomplete array manifold matrix was constructed, and a multi-snapshot DOA estimation model based on sparse representation was established. Then, the MCAMP algorithm was used for preliminary estimation, and the peak data of the estimation results were saved and clustered using the KNN algorithm. Finally, the inner product matching criterion was used to select the atom with the largest signal value in each class to obtain the DOA estimation. The results of simulation experiments show that compared with the traditional algorithm, the method has the advantages of strong anti-noise capability and high estimation accuracy.
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