固溶时效处理对TC4钛合金显微组织及性能的影响
严晓琨 , 李佳翔 , 董瑞峰 , 郭宇墨 , 赵宇宏
中北大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (2) : 164 -170.
固溶时效处理对TC4钛合金显微组织及性能的影响
Effect of Solution Aging Treatment on the Microstructure and Properties of TC4 Titanium Alloy
为了拓展α+β双相TC4钛合金的工程应用范围, 需要精准调控其显微组织和力学性能。本文以锻态TC4钛合金为研究对象, 以优化其强塑匹配为研究目标, 通过金相显微镜、 扫描电子显微镜观察组织演变, 结合室温拉伸实验测试力学性能, 系统研究了920 ℃(40 min)固溶处理后水冷、 空冷、 炉冷三种冷却方式, 以及水冷固溶后500 ℃(3 h)、550 ℃(3 h)、 600 ℃(3 h)不同温度时效处理对合金显微组织及力学性能的影响规律。结果表明: 固溶冷却方式对合金组织影响显著, 空冷后形成等轴初生α相+片层α相的双态组织, 综合力学性能最优; 水冷固溶后随时效温度的升高, 次生α相和片层α相逐渐粗化、 片层间距增大, 550 ℃为最优时效温度。经920 ℃(40 min)水冷和550 ℃(3 h)时效处理后, 合金实现了强度与塑性的最佳匹配, 抗拉强度达到1 022 MPa, 延伸率达到13%。本研究明确了TC4钛合金固溶时效的最优工艺制度, 为该合金的组织性能调控及热处理工艺制定提供了具体的技术参考和实践指导。
In order to expand engineering application ranges of TC4 titanium alloy with α+β dual-phase, its microstructure and mechanical properties need to be precisely controlled. Taking forged TC4 as the research object, this study aims to optimize its strength-plasticity synergy. Systematically investigated were the effects of three cooling methods (water cooling, air cooling, and furnace cooling) following solution treatment at 920 ℃(40 min), as well as aging treatments at 500 ℃, 550 ℃, and 600 ℃ for 3 h after water-cooled solution treatment, on the alloy’s microstructure and mechanical properties. Microstructural evolution was observed using optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while mechanical properties were characterized via room-temperature tensile tests. The results indicate that solution cooling significantly influences the alloy’s microstructure. Air cooling induces a stable bimodal microstructure composed of equiaxed primary α grains and lamellar α phases, endowing the alloy with optimal comprehensive mechanical properties. After water-cooled solution treatment, secondary α phases and lamellar α grains gradually coarsen with increasing aging temperature, accompanied by an expansion of the interlamellar spacing. Among these, 550 ℃ is identified as the optimal aging temperature. The alloy achieves the best strength-plasticity balance after combined treatment at 920 ℃ (40 min) water cooling followed by 550 ℃(3 h) aging, with an ultimate tensile strength of 1022 MPa and an elongation of 13%. This study clarifies the optimal solution and aging parameters for forged TC4, and provides reliable technical references and guidance for microstructure-property regulation and heat treatment process formulation in practical engineering.
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山西省重点研发计划项目(202202050201014)
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