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摘要
在尿素氧化反应(UOR)辅助电解水制氢过程中, 构筑用于UOR的高性能镍基催化剂是提高制氢效率的关键问题。本文采用水热-煅烧法, 在碳布(CC)上制备了钴/铬共掺杂的硫化镍复合物(Co,Cr-NiS/CC)。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、 扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、 透射电子显微镜(TEM)、 X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等手段对复合物的物相、 形貌、 结构和表面化学态进行了表征。在1.00 mol·L-1 KOH+0.33 mol·L-1尿素的电解液中, 对复合物进行了电化学性能测试。同时, 对构建的NiS(001)和Co,Cr-NiS(001)模型进行了密度泛函理论(DFT)计算, 通过态密度(DOS)、 d带中心以及UOR决速步(RDS)的能垒分析揭示了构效关系。电化学测试表明Co,Cr-NiS/CC复合物对UOR具有优异的催化活性, 即在100 A·m-2和1 000 A·m-2的电流密度下, 所需电位分别为1.321 V和1.378 V, 低于其他对比样。在1.527 V的电位下, 经过200 h的恒电位(CA)测试后, 电流密度的保留率为64.83%。DFT计算表明, Co和Cr的共掺杂提高了复合物在费米能级(EF)处DOS的强度, 上移了复合物的d带中心, 并将UOR的RDS的能垒降为0.331 eV, 优化了NiS的电子结构及反应中间体的吸附能。本工作为构筑高效的非贵金属UOR催化剂提供了新思路。
Abstract
During the process of hydrogen production from water-splitting assisted by the urea oxidation reaction (UOR), developing a high-performance nickel-based catalyst for UOR is a key challenge that must be addressed urgently to enhance hydrogen production efficiency. In this work, the Co/Cr co-doped nickel sulfide composite (Co,Cr-NiS/CC) was prepared on carbon cloth (CC) by the hydrothermal-calcination method. The composition, morphology, structure, and surface chemical state of the composite were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The electrochemical performance of the composite was tested in the electrolyte of 1.00 mol·L-1 KOH and 0.33 mol·L-1 urea. Meanwhile, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were conducted on the NiS (001) and Co,Cr-NiS (001) models. The structure-activity relationship was revealed through the analysis of the density of states (DOS), the d-band center, and the energy barrier of the rate-determining step (RDS) for the UOR. Electrochemical tests demonstrate that the Co,Cr-NiS/CC composite exhibits excellent catalytic activity for UOR. Specifically, at the current densities of 100 A·m-2 and 1 000 A·m-2, the required potentials are 1.321 V and 1.378 V, respectively, which are lower than those of the other control samples. At a potential of 1.527 V, after 200 h of chronoamperometry (CA) testing, the retention rate of current density is 64.83%. DFT calculations indicate that the co-doping of Co and Cr enhances the intensity of the DOS at the Fermi energy (EF) of the composite, shifts the d-band center of the composite upwards, reduces the energy barrier of the RDS of UOR to 0.331 eV, and optimizes the electronic structure of NiS and the adsorption energy of reaction intermediates. This work proposes a new approach to constructing an efficient non-metallic UOR catalyst.
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贾卓榕,张雨娟,胡拖平.
钴/铬共掺杂协同增强NiS的尿素电氧化性能[J].
中北大学学报(自然科学版), 2026, 47(3): 315-328 DOI:10.62756/jnuc.issn.1673-3193.2025.11.0028
基金资助
山西省重点实验室项目(202404010931028)
山西省科技合作与交流专项(202204041101028)
中央引导地方科技发展专项资金项目(YDZJSX2024D036)
山西省科技创新人才团队专项(202304051001003)