不同性别突发性聋患者对气象环境因素的易感性分析

Sensitivity analysis of effects of meteorological factors on sudden sensorineural hearing loss in patients according to sex

摘要

目的 探究不同性别突发性聋(sudden deafness，SD)患者发病的气象环境差异。方法 收集就诊于江苏省人民医院盛泽分院耳鼻咽喉科并住院治疗的SD患者，查询匹配患者发病当日的气象环境数据，比较不同性别患者发病当日的气象环境差异。结果 纳入研究的SD患者年龄跨度较大，中老年多发，男女性患者发病年龄无明显差异；不同性别患者在发病的季节分布上存在差异，男性在夏秋季多发，女性在冬春季多发；在发病当日的天气类别、风力等级及空气质量指数等指标上男女差异无统计学意义，但在气温这一指标上差异有统计学意义，男性患者发病当日的日最低气温、日最高气温、日平均气温、气温日较差等指标均高于女性患者。结论 不同性别的SD患者发病当日的气象环境因素存在差异，男性患者更易在气温较高、温差较大的环境下发病，女性患者更易在气温较低、温差较小的环境下发病。

Abstract

Objective Our aim was to explore the meteorological differences in the incidence of sudden deafness (SD) in patients according to sex. Methods Patients with SD who were hospitalized and treated in the Otolaryngology Department of the Shengze Branch of Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital were included in this study. We matched the meteorological data from the day of SD onset with each patient, and we compared the differences in the meteorological environment of the patients according to sex on the day of SD onset. Results The age range of patients with SD was relatively large, with frequent SD occurrence in the middle-aged and elderly. The ages of the male and female patients were not significantly different; we found differences in the seasonal distribution of onset according to sex, with more cases found for men in summer and autumn, and more cases found for women in winter and spring. No significant differences were identified between men and women for indicators such as weather category, wind scale, or air quality index on the day of SD onset, but a significant difference was found for temperature. The daily minimum, maximum, and mean temperature and temperature range for the male patients on the day of SD onset were higher than those for the female patients. Conclusion Meteorological factors differed on the day of SD onset between the sexes. Male patients were more likely to develop SD in environments with higher temperatures and a larger daily temperature range, whereas female patients were more likely to develop SD in environments with lower temperature and a narrower daily temperature range.

关键词

突发性聋 / 性别 / 季节 / 气象 / 温度

Key words

Sudden deafness / Gender / Season / Meteorology / Temperature

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