儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征相关代谢组学的进展

Advances in metabolomics for pediatric obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome

摘要

儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome, OSAHS)是一种发生于儿童中的常见病，以反复出现上气道阻塞和间歇性低氧血症为特征，可导致神经认知功能、心血管发育等长期不良后果。 多导睡眠监测(polysomnography, PSG)是目前诊断金标准，但是操作繁琐，患儿配合度低。 已有多项研究应用代谢组学技术识别阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患儿的特征性代谢改变，探寻早期预警的生物标志物，分析相关并发症的代谢图谱，以期更好地指导临床诊疗。 本文旨在总结儿童 OSAHS 相关代谢组学研究进展。

Abstract

Objective sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a common disorder in children, characterized by recurrent upper airway obstruction and intermittent hypoxemia. It can lead to long-term adverse consequences including impaired neurocognitive function and cardiovascular development. Polysomnography (PSG) is currently the gold standard for diagnosis; however, it is operationally cumbersome and poorly tolerated by pediatric patients. Several studies have applied metabolomics to identify characteristic metabolic alterations in children with OSAHS, explore potential early-warning biomarkers, and analyze the metabolic profiles of associated complications, with the aim of better guiding clinical diagnosis and treatment. This review aims to summarize recent advances in metabolomics research related to pediatric OSAHS.

关键词

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征 / 代谢组学 / 生物标志物 / 诊断 / 儿童

Key words

Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome / Metabolomics / Biomarkers / Diagnosis / Children

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