吉林大情字井油田 CO ₂ 驱潜力层表征方法

Characterization method for CO ₂ flooding potential layer in Daqingzijing Oilfield, Jilin

摘要

CO₂ 驱油藏开发实践表明 CO₂ 比水更易进入小孔隙,部分低渗低饱和度的非油层被激活形成新的有效渗流储集体,定义为 CO₂ 驱潜力层。以吉林大情字井油田 CO₂ 驱油藏为例,综合运用驱替实验、分析化验、测井曲线、剖面测试等资料,建立“实验确定气驱动用下限、化验明确沉积成因、岩心标定曲线三步法完成单井测井识别、微相控制潜力层连通型式落实连通边界”的 CO₂ 驱潜力层描述方法,建立 CO₂ 驱潜力层三步逐级精细约束测井识别模型,在潜力层沉积发育及对比模式的约束下,重新定量评价研究区 CO₂ 驱连通性,明确潜力层与油层的组合关系及配套 CO₂ 驱稳产提效技术对策。结果表明:研究区 CO₂ 驱潜力层的渗透率下限为 6×10^-5 μm²,渗透率分布范围为(1~0.6)×10^-4 μm²;研究区潜力层的泥质体积分数分布范围在 10%~15%,碳酸盐体积分数在 6%~12%,强弱水动力转换段和钙质弱胶结带是其主要成因,与水驱对比,CO₂ 驱的主力微相的连通率提高 18.9%,连通厚度增加 1.7 m,非主力微相的连通率提高幅度达到 34.2%,连通厚度增加 1.1 m;通过引入潜力层制定利用老井重建注采井网和补层完善注采关系两种提采对策,研究区 5 种组合型式的 CO₂ 波及增量平均可增加 12.8%,采收率平均可增加 6.9%。CO₂ 驱潜力层是 CO₂ 驱油藏开发方案编制或者动态分析中非常有必要增加的新地质研究参数。

Abstract

Field applications of CO ₂ flooding have demonstrated that CO ₂ can more readily penetrate small pores than water, thereby activating low-permeability and low-saturation non-oil intervals that are ineffective under water flooding conditions. These newly activated intervals form effective permeable reservoir bodies, referred to in this study as potential layers for CO ₂ flooding. Taking the CO ₂ flooding reservoir in Daqingzijing Oilfield, Jilin, as an example, a comprehensive method for the identification and characterization of the potential layers for CO ₂ flooding is established using displacement experiments, geochemical analyses, well logging data, and production testing results. This proposed workflow consists of four key steps: (1) determining the displacement utilization lower limit through laboratory experiments; (2) identifying sedimentary genesis using geochemical data; (3) calibrating well logs with core data to achieve single-well identification of potential layers, and (4) delineating lateral connectivity boundaries based on microfacies-controlled connectivity patterns. A three-step logging identification method for potential layers is developed, including qualitative discrimination using characteristic logging responses, determination of top and bottom boundaries through overlapping log-curve patterns, and fine-scale identification using a high-precision permeability interpretation model. A three-step progressive fine-constraint well logging identification model is established for CO ₂-flooding potential layers, and the CO ₂-flooding connectivity in the study area is quantitatively re-evaluated under the constraints of potential layer depositional development and correlation patterns. The combination relationship between potential layers and oil layers is clarified, and supporting CO ₂-flooding production and efficiency enhancement technical strategies is formulated, provides certain reference significance for the fine geological study of CO ₂-flooding reservoirs. The results show that the lower permeability threshold for CO ₂ flooding potential layers in the study area is 6×10 ^-5 μm ², with permeability values between 6×10 ^-5 μm ² and 1×10 ^-4 μm ². The clay content ranges from 10% to 15%, while carbonate content ranges from 6% to 12%. These potential layers are mainly associated with hydrodynamic transition zones and weakly cemented calcareous bands. Compared with water flooding, the connectivity rate of dominant microfacies under CO ₂ flooding increases by 18.9 percentage points, with connected thickness increasing by 1.7 m. For non-dominant microfacies, the connectivity rate increases by up to 34.2%, and connected thickness increases by 1.1 m. By introducing a potential layer, two enhancement strategies-reconstructing injection-production well patterns using old wells and optimizing injection-production relationships through layer supplementation-were implemented. These measures resulted in an average CO ₂ sweep efficiency increment of 12.8% and an average recovery rate increase of 6.9% across five combined patterns in the study area. These findings demonstrate that CO ₂ flooding potential layers constitute a crucial geological parameter that should be incorporated into both CO ₂ flooding development plans and dynamic performance analysis.

关键词

CO ₂ 驱潜力层 / 表征方法 / 油藏开发 / 大情字井油田

Key words

CO ₂ flooding potential layer / characterization method / reservoir development / Daqingzijing oilfield

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基金资助

国家科技重大专项(2024ZD1406601)

中国石油重大科技专项(2021ZZ01-03)