超深水扬矿管下放至靶区过程中弯曲变形及应力分析

Bending deformation and stress analysis during lowering mining riser to target area in ultra-deep water

摘要

针对超深水金属结核输送硬管下放至靶点区域问题,以微元法建立扬矿管下放过程的静力学控制方程,采用第四强度理论作为判据,采用有限(中心)差分方法离散控制方程、扬矿管及边界条件,通过求解矩阵方程获得横向位移和应力。结果表明:随着下放深度的增加,扬矿管的位移先增加后减小,最大位移位靠近底部,以下放深度、顶张力、海面风速以及规格影响最为显著;等效应力受到诸多因素影响,总的变化趋势是顶端等效应力最小,靠近顶端位置附近增加至最大,而后逐渐降低,危险截面位于顶部附近;其中以海面风速影响最为复杂,当达到4级海况时,顶端应力急剧增加;能否下放至靶点区域需要重点分析横向位移偏移量的变化,而顶部应力成为安全下放的关键。

Abstract

Regarding the problem of transporting metal nodules to the target area through hard pipes in ultra-deep water, in this study, a static control equation for lowering mining riser was established using a finite difference method. The von Mises theory was used as the criterion. The finite (center) difference method was used to discretize the control equation, the mining riser and boundary conditions, and the lateral displacement and stress were obtained by solving the matrix equation. The results show that as the depth of mining riser lowering increases, its displacement firstly increases, then decreases. with the maximum displacement is located at near the bottom. The effects of lowering depth, top tension, sea surface wind speed and dimensions are most significant. The equivalent stress can be influenced by many factors in which itis the smallest at the top, but increases to its maximum at near the top position, and then gradually decreases, with the dangerous section located near the top. The influence of sea surface wind speed is the most complex, and when the fourth level sea state is reached, the top stress increases sharply. Therefore, whether the mining riser can be lowered to the target area needs to focus on analyzing the changes in lateral displacement, and the top stress becomes the key factor for the safe lowering operation. This study can provide a theoretical guidance for the lowering of ultra-deep water mining riser to the target area.

关键词

超深水 / 扬矿管 / 靶点 / 弯曲 / 应力

Key words

ultra-deep water / mining riser / target area / bending deformation / stress

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金重大项目(52394255)