基于压裂停泵压力的裂缝参数自动反演方法

An automatic fracture parameter inversion method based on fracturing pump shutdown pressure data

摘要

水力压裂裂缝诊断是水力压裂优化设计的重要环节,但目前实时高效的裂缝参数解释方法尚不成熟。为此,综合考虑井筒摩阻、射孔摩阻和压裂缝内液体滤失效应,建立水平井分段多簇压裂停泵压力演化数学模型及高效模拟方法,提出基于压裂停泵压力的裂缝参数自动反演方法。利用理论模型和实际监测数据,分析反演方法的有效性和适用性。结果表明:在不存在先验信息条件下,解释得出的裂缝参数误差基本小于10%;当开启簇数和开启射孔数为已知先验信息,反演的裂缝半长和裂缝高度基本与真实值完全吻合,验证了反演方法的有效性;压裂缝半长达到一定长度(大于100 m)后,裂缝高度与其存在负相关关系,压裂段内开启簇数与开启射孔数存在明显的正相关关系。

Abstract

Hydraulic fracture diagnosis is a critical component in the optimization design of hydraulic fracturing. However, real-time and efficient methods for interpreting fracture parameters are still underdeveloped. To address this, a mathematical model and an efficient simulation method for the evolution of shut-in pressure in horizontal wells with staged multi-cluster fracturing were established considering wellbore friction, perforation friction and fluid loss within the fractures. An automatic inversion method for fracture parameters based on shut-in pressure was proposed. The validity and applicability of the inversion method were analyzed using theoretical models and actual monitoring data. The results indicate that in the absence of prior information, the errors in the interpreted fracture parameters are generally within 10%. When the number of active clusters and perforations are known as prior information, the inverted fracture half-length and height are in complete agreement with the monitored and measured data, confirming the effectiveness of the inversion method. Statistical analysis shows that once the fracture half-length exceeds a certain threshold (>100 m), there is a negative correlation between fracture height and half-length, and a positive correlation between the number of active clusters and perforations within one fracturing stage.

关键词

分段多簇压裂 / 停泵压力 / 裂缝诊断 / 参数反演 / 非常规油气

Key words

multistage multi-cluster hydraulic fracturing / pump shutdown pressure / fracture diagnostic / parameter inversion / unconventional oil and gas

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(52204030)

中国石油天然气集团有限公司科学研究与技术开发课题(2021DJ4502)