海南省0~3岁儿童屏幕暴露现况及影响因素研究

Research on screen exposure status and influencing factors among children aged 0-3 in Hainan Province

摘要

目的 了解海南省0~3岁儿童屏幕暴露现况,分析其影响因素,为儿童屏幕暴露干预提供科学依据。方法 采用多阶段抽样方法,对2020年12月至2021年7月于海南省18个市(县)的5843名0~3岁儿童家长进行问卷调查,收集儿童人口学信息、家庭类型、主要带养人及每日平均视屏时间(近一个月)等资料;分别将0~<18月龄儿童视屏时间>0小时/天、18~36月龄儿童视屏时间>1小时/天定义为屏幕暴露,采用多因素Logistic回归分析屏幕暴露的影响因素。结果 5843名儿童中男童3259名(55.78%),女童2584名(44.22%).65.10%的儿童未接触屏幕,24.75%的儿童每日视屏时间在0~<1小时,5.96%的儿童每日视屏时间在1~2小时,4.19%的儿童每日视屏时间超过2小时.0~3岁儿童屏幕暴露报告率为20.11%,其中0~<18月龄儿童屏幕暴露报告率低于18~36月龄,差异有统计学意义(17.17% vs. 26.19%,χ²=65.138,P<0.001).多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,0~<18月龄中,在农村居住(OR=1.264,95%CI:1.003~1.594)、主要带养人为祖/外祖父母(OR=1.536,95%CI:1.157~2.040)是儿童屏幕暴露的危险因素;18~36月龄中,家庭类型为主干家庭是儿童屏幕暴露的保护因素(OR=0.772,95%CI:0.627~0.950)。结论 0~3岁儿童屏幕暴露问题普遍,屏幕暴露程度易受到外界多种因素干扰,制定干预措施需考虑家庭养育环境的影响.

Abstract

Objective To understand the current status of screen exposure among children aged 0-3 years in Hainan Province, analyze its influencing factors, and provide a scientific basis for interventions on children's screen exposure. Methods Using a multi-stage sampling method, a questionnaire survey was conducted from December 2020 to July 2021 among 5843 parents of children aged 0-3 years in 18 cities (counties) of Hainan Province, collecting demographic information, family type, main caregiver, and daily average screen time (nearly a month) of children. Screen exposure was defined as screen exposure time >0 hours/day for children aged 0-<18 months and >1 hour/day for children aged 18-36 months. Multivariable Logistic regression was used to analyze influencing factors of screen exposure. Results Among 5843 children, 3259 (55.78%) were boys and 2584 (44.22%) were girls. 65.10% of children had no screen exposure, 24.75% had daily screen time of 0-<1 hour, 5.96% had daily screen time of 1-2 hours, and 4.19% had daily screen time exceeding 2 hours. The screen exposure rate for children aged 0-3 years was 20.11%, with a lower rate in children aged 0-<18 months compared to those aged 18-36 months, with statistically significant differences (17.17% vs. 26.19%, χ ²=65.138, P<0.001). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that living in rural areas (OR=1.264, 95%CI: 1.003-1.594) and grandparents as the main caregivers (OR=1.536, 95%CI: 1.157-2.040) were risk factors for screen exposure in children aged 0-<18 months. Among children aged 18-36 months, nuclear family type was a protective factor for children's screen exposure (OR=0.772, 95%CI: 0.627-0.950). Conclusion Screen exposure is a common problem in children aged 0-3 years, and the degree of screen exposure is easily affected by various external factors. Intervention measures need to consider the impact of the family upbringing environment.

关键词

0~3岁儿童 / 屏幕暴露 / 横断面研究 / 视屏时间

Key words

children 0-3 years old / screen exposure / cross-sectional study / screen time

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基金资助

海南省重大科技项目(ZDKJ2019010)

海南省重点科技合作项目(DYF2020210)

海南省自然科学基金青年基金(821QN416)

海南省临床医学中心建设项目(琼卫医函(2021)75号)

海南省优秀人才团队资助(琼人才办通(2021)21号)