抽动及共患注意缺陷多动障碍患儿维生素D含量差异研究

Study on differences in vitamin D levels in children with tics and comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

摘要

目的 探讨血清维生素D含量与抽动障碍(TD)发病及共患注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的关系。方法 选取2021年4月至2023年4月于攀枝花市中心医院儿科门诊确诊为TD的161名儿童为研究对象，根据是否共患ADHD分为单纯TD组(n=103)、TD+ADHD组(n=58)，比较两组患儿维生素D含量差异情况。结果 不同性别TD儿童25(OH)D含量无显著性差异(P>0.05)；病程>12个月的TD儿童25(OH)D含量低于病程≤12个月的TD儿童，差异具有统计学意义(t=3.02,P<0.05)；病程>12个月组TD儿童血清25(OH)D不足比例高于病程≤12个月组，差异有统计学意义(χ²=6.88,P<0.05)；中重度TD儿童的25(OH)D含量明显低于轻度TD儿童(t=3.64,P<0.05)；中重度TD组儿童血清25(OH)D不足及缺乏比例明显高于轻度TD组，差异有统计学意义(χ²=18.23,P<0.05)；TD+ADHD儿童与单纯TD儿童的25(OH)D含量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)；TD+ADHD组儿童血清25(OH)D不足及缺乏比例高于单纯TD组，差异有统计学意义(χ²=3.85,P<0.01)。结论 维生素D缺乏程度与TD的病情、病程及合并ADHD的风险呈正相关性。

Abstract

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and the onset of tic disorder (TD) and comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods A total of 161 children diagnosed with TD at the pediatric outpatient department of Panzhihua Central Hospital from April 2021 to April 2023 were selected as study subjects. According to whether they had comorbid ADHD, they were divided into the simple TD group (n=103) and the TD+ADHD group (n=58). The differences in vitamin D levels between the two groups were compared. Results There was no significant difference in 25(OH)D levels between TD children of different genders (P>0.05). TD children with a disease course of >12 months had lower 25(OH)D levels than those with a disease course of ≤12 months, with a statistically significant difference (t=3.02, P<0.05). The proportion of TD children with insufficient serum 25(OH)D levels in the >12 months group was higher than that in the ≤12 months group, with a statistically significant difference (χ²=6.88, P<0.05). The 25(OH)D levels in children with moderate to severe TD were significantly lower than those in children with mild TD (t=3.64, P<0.05). The proportion of children with insufficient and deficient serum 25(OH)D in the moderate to severe TD group was significantly higher than that in the mild TD group, with a statistically significant difference (χ²=18.23, P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in 25(OH)D levels between children with TD+ADHD and those with simple TD (P>0.05). The proportion of children with insufficient and deficient serum 25(OH)D levels in the TD+ADHD group was higher than that in the simple TD group, with a statistically significant difference (χ²=3.85, P<0.01). Conclusion The degree of vitamin D deficiency is positively correlated with the severity, disease course, and risk of comorbid ADHD in TD.

关键词

抽动障碍 / 注意缺陷多动障碍 / 维生素D / 儿童

Key words

tic disorder / attention deficit hyperactivity disorder / vitamin D / children

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基金资助

四川省攀枝花市科技局2021年科研项目(2021ZDGSG18)