艺术疗愈对孤独症儿童干预的研究进展

Progress in the study of art healing interventions for children with autism

摘要

艺术疗愈是一门人文艺术学与医学科学相结合的交叉学科,其中视觉疗愈是借助一切广泛的具有疗愈性的自然物,或专业人员开发的辅助支持工具,来帮助个体调节情感情绪、学习社会技能、关注自我意识、表达内在感觉和经验的一种干预方法.孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)是一种严重的儿童神经发育障碍,其核心特征是社会交往、沟通障碍及限制性、重复性行为等,尤其是在理解社会环境与外界建立社交技能方面存在明显缺陷.本文综述了近年来用于提高孤独症儿童社交沟通能力的视觉疗愈概念与策略,阐述了视觉疗愈的生物学原理与理论基础,总结了视觉支持形式及目前使用视觉疗愈孤独症儿童的方法,探讨了视觉疗愈的发展趋势与存在的问题,为拓展视觉疗愈应用提供思路,并利用其优势改善孤独症儿童社会化行为,实现自理自立.

Abstract

Art healing is an interdisciplinary field that combines humanistic art and medical science. Visual healing, a key component of art healing, uses a wide range of natural objects with healing properties, or tools developed by professionals, to help individuals regulate their emotions, learn social skills, focus on self-awareness, and express their inner feelings and experiences. Childhood autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder in children, characterized by core features such as social interaction and communication difficulties, as well as restrictive and repetitive behaviors. One of the most noticeable deficits in children with ASD is their difficulty in understanding the social environment and developing social skills with others. This article reviews recent concepts and strategies of visual healing aimed at improving social communication skills in children with autism. It discusses the biological principles and theoretical foundations of visual healing, summarizes the forms of visual support, and presents methods currently used for visual healing in children with autism. The article also explores the development trends and existing challenges in visual healing, providing ideas for expanding its applications and utilizing its advantages to improve social behaviors and promote independence in children with autism.

关键词

艺术疗愈 / 视觉疗愈 / 孤独症 / 儿童 / 社交沟通 / 社会故事

Key words

art healing / visual healing / autistic child / social communication / social story

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金面上项目(31870825)