Griffiths发育评估量表在0~2岁高危儿随访中的应用研究

The application of the Griffiths Development Scales-Chinese in follow-up of high-risk infants aged 0-2 years

摘要

目的 观察Griffiths发育评估量表(GDS-C)在0~2岁高危儿随访中的应用效果。方法 选择2019年1月到2020年12月出生于内蒙古医科大学附属医院的204例高危儿为研究对象,并选择按性别、年龄匹配的204名正常儿童作为对照,均行GDS-C测评。比较高危儿与正常儿童的GDS-C得分、发育情况,以及高危儿不同随访时间的GDS-C得分、发育异常情况。结果 高危儿的GDS-C量表个人-社会、语言、手眼协调、表现、运动5个维度得分均低于正常儿童,差异有统计学意义(t值介于13.337~23.357之间,P<0.05);高危儿的GDS-C量表各维度居于临界水平、落后/明显落后于发育年龄水平的占比均高于正常儿童,差异有统计学意义(χ²值介于44.524~67.978之间,P<0.05);高危儿中94例进行了早期干预,结果显示6月龄、12月龄、24月龄时,干预组的GDS-C量表各维度得分均高于未干预组,差异有统计学意义(t值介于2.054~9.543之间,P<0.05);干预组的发育异常总发生率低于未干预组,差异有统计学意义(χ²=7.225,P<0.05)。结论 GDS-C可用于0~2岁高危儿随访中的发育评估,高危儿的整体发育落后于正常儿童,但开展系统早期干预能减少高危儿发育异常的情况发生,促进发育。

Abstract

Objective To observe the application effect of the Griffiths Development Scales-Chinese (GDS-C) in the follow-up of high-risk infants aged 0-2 years. Methods A total of 204 high-risk infants born between January 2019 and December 2020 at the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University were selected as study subjects, and 204 normal children matched by gender and age were selected as the controls. All subjects underwent GDS-C assessment. The GDS-C scores and developmental status of high-risk infants were compared with those of normal children, and the GDS-C scores and developmental abnormalities of high-risk infants at different follow-up times were also compared. Results The GDS-C scores of high-risk infants in the five dimensions-personal-social, language, hand-eye coordination, performance, and motor skills-were all lower than those of normal children, with statistically significant differences (t-values ranging from 13.337 to 23.357, P<0.05). The proportion of high-risk infants with scores at the critical level, delayed, or markedly delayed in each dimension was higher than that of normal children, with statistically significant differences (χ² value ranging from 44.524 to 67.978, P<0.05). Among the high-risk infants, 94 received early intervention. The results showed that at 6 months, 12 months, and 24 months, the GDS-C scores in all dimensions of the intervention group were higher than those of the non-intervention group, with statistically significant differences (t-values ranging from 2.054 to 9.543, P<0.05). The total incidence of developmental abnormalities in the intervention group was lower than that in the non-intervention group, with a statistically significant difference (χ²=7.225, P<0.05). Conclusion The GDS-C can be used for developmental assessment in follow-up of high-risk aged 0-2 year. The overall development of high-risk children lags behind that of normal children, but systematic early intervention can reduce the occurrence of developmental abnormalities and promote development.

关键词

Griffiths发育评估量表 / 0~2岁 / 高危儿 / 生长发育 / 随访

Key words

Griffiths Development Scales-Chinese / 0-2 years / high-risk infant / growth and development / follow-up

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基金资助

内蒙古自治区2022年度卫生健康科技计划项目(202201271)