动机式访谈法在儿童青少年肥胖相关行为干预中的研究进展

Research progress of motivational interviewing in the intervention of obesity-related behaviors in children and adolescents

摘要

儿童青少年时期是建立健康行为习惯、预防和控制超重肥胖的关键时期,但目前已有的干预方式往往仅在短期内有效。动机式访谈法(MI)能够激发或强化行为改变的自主性动机,提高干预长期维持效果。到目前为止,MI在我国儿童青少年肥胖相关行为干预中的应用尚不多见。本文通过查阅相关文献、分析MI在改善肥胖相关指标和健康行为中的实际效果及可能作用机制,发现MI在儿童青少年肥胖干预中具有一定潜力,但受限于行为改变的长期性、复杂性,单纯MI干预对于健康行为的促进作用尚不显著。因此,未来亟须进一步开展MI结合其他理论的肥胖综合干预方案研究。

Abstract

The period of childhood and adolescence is a crucial time for establishing healthy behavioral habits and preventing and controlling overweight and obesity.However,the existing intervention methods are often only effective in the short term.The motivational interviewing (MI) can stimulate or strengthen the autonomous motivation for behavior change and improve the long-term maintenance effect of the intervention.So far,the application of MI in the behavioral intervention of obesity-related issues among children and adolescents in China is still rare.Through reviewing relevant literature and analyzing the actual effects and possible mechanisms of MI in improving obesity-related indicators and health behaviors,this article discovers that MI has certain potential in the intervention of obesity among children and adolescents.However,due to the long-term and complex nature of behavior change,the promotion effect of simple MI intervention on health behaviors is not yet significant.Therefore,it is urgent to further conduct research on comprehensive obesity intervention programs combining MI with other theories in the future.

关键词

动机式访谈法 / 儿童 / 青少年 / 肥胖 / 自主性动机 / 行为干预

Key words

motivational interviewing / child / adolescent / obesity / autonomous motivation / behavior intervention

参考文献

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金面上项目(82373694)

北京市教育科学“十四五”规划课题(BECA23111)