上颌窦解剖结构及其与上颌后牙显微根尖手术的关系

Anatomical structure of maxillary sinus and its relationship with endodontic microsurgery in maxillary posterior area

摘要

上颌后牙区与上颌窦关系密切，解剖结构复杂，因而该区域显微根尖手术难度较大。上颌窦的一些解剖特征也使得显微根尖手术对临近解剖结构造成伤害的风险增加，影响手术的过程和预后。因此，本文对上颌窦的解剖特征包括其形态与发育、上颌窦口、施耐德黏膜、上颌窦分隔、上牙槽后动脉及其与上颌后牙的关系等进行简要综述，同时就上颌窦对上颌后牙区显微根尖手术的术前准备、手术方式、并发症、手术预后及成功率等的影响进行简要讨论。

Abstract

The maxillary posterior teeth, where the anatomy is complicated, have a close relationship with the maxillary sinus, so endodontic microsurgery can be difficult in this area. Some anatomical features of the maxillary sinus increase the operative risk of injuring adjacent anatomical structures, which may affect the surgical process and prognosis. This review summarizes the anatomical characteristics of the maxillary sinus, including its development and morphology, maxillary sinus ostium, Schneiderian mucosa, maxillary sinus septa, posterior alveolar artery, and its relationship with maxillary posterior teeth. From the aspects of preoperative preparation, surgical approaches, complications, prognosis, and success rate, the influence of the maxillary sinus on endodontic microsurgery in the area of maxillary posterior teeth is discussed briefly.

关键词

显微根尖手术 / 上颌窦 / 上颌后牙区 / 解剖关系 / 根尖周疾病 / 手术入路 / 预后因素

Key words

endodontic microsurgery / maxillary sinus / maxillary posterior area / anatomical relationship / periapical lesion / operative approach / prognostic factors

Author summay

成应琪，学士，Email：[e-mail]