牙源性间充质干细胞外泌体在牙髓再生中的作用机制

Effects and mechanism of exosomes derived from dental mesenchymal stem cells on dental pulp regeneration

摘要

牙髓再生是一种基于组织工程治疗牙髓坏死的新策略，应用种子细胞结合支架和生长因子，实现牙本质、血管和神经的新生。外泌体是一类直径约为30~150 nm的细胞外囊泡，在调控细胞间信息和物质传递中发挥重要作用。2016年以来，牙源性间充质干细胞分泌的外泌体因其在牙髓组织再生领域展现出的巨大潜力而备受瞩目。本文介绍了牙源性间充质干细胞来源外泌体的种类和培养环境，并对牙源性间充质干细胞外泌体调控细胞成牙本质向分化、血管生成、神经再生和成骨向分化的作用和机制作一综述。

Abstract

Pulp regeneration is a new strategy for pulp necrosis treatment based on tissue engineering. Seed cells combined with scaffolds and growth factors are used to regenerate dentin, blood vessels, and nerves. As extracellular vesicles with a diameter of approximately 30~150 nm, exosomes play an important role in the transmission of regulatory information between cells. In recent years, exosomes derived from dental mesenchymal stem cells have attracted attention because of their great potential in pulp regeneration. In this article, the species and culture environment of exosomes derived from dental mesenchymal stem cells were introduced. The effect and mechanism of exosomes derived from dental mesenchymal stem cells in regulating odontogenic differentiation, angiogenesis, nerve regeneration, and osteoblastic differentiation were also reviewed.

关键词

外泌体 / 牙髓再生 / 牙源性间充质干细胞

Key words

exosome / pulp regeneration / dental mesenchymal stem cells

Author summay

陆慧，医师，博士，Email：[e-mail]