基于最小弯曲能量原理的Y型钢箱肋拱桥吊杆力优化

Force optimization of space Y-steel box rib arch bridge based on minimum bending energy principle

摘要

优化吊杆力可显著改善拱桥主梁拱脚负弯矩与线形、优化吊杆力分布及成桥受力,进而节省材料、降低造价。文章针对空间Y型钢箱肋拱桥的受力特点,提出基于最小弯曲能量原理确定合理吊杆力的方法,构建有限元模型,依据最小弯曲能量原理计算初期成桥吊杆力,进而采用未知荷载系数法和序列二次规划(sequential quadratic programming,SQP)算法对拱桥吊杆力实施优化。结果表明:经未知荷载系数法优化后,主梁拱脚负弯矩显著下降、线形改善,但吊杆力分布不够均匀;SQP算法以主梁和主拱肋弯曲应变能之和最小为目标,优化后吊杆力分布均匀、线形更好;通过两种优化结果对比可知SQP算法的优化效果更佳,从而验证了基于最小弯曲能量法结合两种算法确定吊杆力的思路可行,利于优化成桥受力。

Abstract

Optimizing suspension rod forces can significantly improve negative bending moments and alignment at the piers of arch bridge main girders, optimize the distribution of suspension rod forces and post-construction load-bearing conditions, while also providing a reference for optimizing suspension rod forces in tied-arch bridges, and thereby save materials and reduce costs. Aiming at the stress characteristics of spatial Y-shaped steel box rib arch bridges, this paper proposes a method for determining reasonable suspension rod forces based on the minimum bending energy principle. Using the Midas Civil software to construct finite element models, this paper first calculates initial post-construction suspension rod forces according to the minimum bending energy principle, then implements optimization through the unknown load coefficient method and SQP algorithm. Results show: Optimization via the unknown load coefficient method significantly reduces negative bending moments at main girder piers and improves alignment, but results in uneven force distribution. The SQP algorithm minimizes the sum of bending strain energies in main girders and arch ribs, achieving uniform force distribution and better alignment after optimization. Comparative analysis reveals that the SQP algorithm demonstrates superior optimization effects, verifying the feasibility of combining the minimum bending energy method with dual algorithms for determining suspension rod forces. This approach provides valuable references for optimizing suspension rod forces in tied-arch bridges, facilitating improved post-construction load-bearing conditions.

关键词

系杆拱桥 / 吊杆力优化 / 最小弯曲能量法 / 未知荷载系数法 / SQP算法

Key words

tied arch bridge / cable force optimization / minimum bending energy method / unknown load factor method / SQP algorithm

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基金资助

陕西省交通运输厅项目(21-62k)