大断面小净距隧道中夹岩锚固支护模型试验研究
Experimental study on anchorage support model for middle rock in large-section and small clear-distance tunnels
双洞隧道扩建普遍存在中夹岩失稳问题,研究锚固支护方法可为隧道动态调整支护策略提供理论依据。文章基于1∶20大比例物理相似模型试验,系统分析中夹岩在不同锚固条件下的承载性能与加固机制,为小净距隧道中夹岩精细化研究提供可行方案。结果表明: 端锚条件下,试件峰值抗压强度最少提升了0.1%,最大提升了21.0%; 全锚条件下,试件峰值抗压强度最少提升了18.9%,最大提升了37.6%,因此工程中需优先考虑全锚设计; 中夹岩岩体强度越高,对穿锚杆加固后的中夹岩承载能力的提升幅度越大,加固效果越显著; 锚杆直径超过6 mm时,对加固效果的提升趋缓,实际工程中应优化锚杆选型,避免资源浪费。
Instability of the rock pillar between adjacent bores is a common challenge during twin-bore tunnel widening. Investigating anchorage support methods provides a theoretical basis for dynamically adjusting tunnel support strategies. This paper establishes large-scale (1:20 scale) physical similarity modelling tests to systematically analyse the load-bearing capacity and reinforcement mechanisms of middle rock under varying anchoring conditions, offering a viable approach for detailed research on middle rock in small-clearance tunnels. In these tests, under end-anchoring conditions, the peak compressive strength of test specimens increased by a minimum of 0.1% and a maximum of 21.0%; whereas under full-anchor conditions, it increased by 18.9%-37.6%, indicating that full anchorage should be preferentially adopted in engineering practice. Moreover, the higher the strength of the middle rock pilar, the greater the improvement in its load-bearing capacity after reinforcement with through-anchor bolts, resulting in more pronounced reinforcement effects. Simultaneously, when anchor bolt diameters exceed 6 mm, the enhancement in reinforcement performance gradually diminishes. Therefore, anchor bolt dimensions should be optimised in practical engineering to maximize reinforcement efficiency while avoiding unnecessary material consumption.
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