位移约束下裂隙砂岩冻融后单轴压缩力学行为

Uniaxial Compressive Mechanical Behavior of Fractured Sandstone After Freeze-Thaw Cycles Under Displacement Constraints

摘要

为研究位移约束下裂隙砂岩冻融后的力学行为,采用定制约束装置对砂岩试样施加位移约束。通过冻融循环试验和单轴压缩试验,探究冻融循环过程中电阻率的变化规律,并基于单轴压缩试验结果,分析裂隙倾角、冻融循环次数及位移约束对岩体力学性质的影响。在压缩过程中实时监测裂隙扩展过程,揭示试样的裂隙扩展规律及破坏模式。结果表明:冻融循环降温时电阻率上升,升温时下降;位移约束条件下,试样峰值位移随裂隙倾角的增大先增后减;当从2个方向加载时,峰值位移均随冻融循环次数的增加先降后升;裂隙砂岩的单轴抗压强度和弹性模量随倾角的增大先减后增,倾角为45°时达到最小值;当冻融循环次数小于30次时,位移约束对裂隙冻融损伤具有抑制作用,超过30次后则加剧试样损伤;裂隙倾角越大,裂纹扩展速度越快,裂纹越趋向于水平扩展;根据试样裂纹断裂形状,可将破坏模式分为“X型”与“Y型”。

Abstract

To study the mechanical behavior of fractured sandstone after freeze-thaw cycles under displacement constraints, a customized constraint device was used to apply displacement constraints to the sandstone specimens. Through the freeze-thaw cycle tests and uniaxial compression tests, the variation law of resistivity during the freeze-thaw cycles was investigated, and based on the results of uniaxial compression tests, the effects of fracture inclination, the number of freeze-thaw cycles and displacement constraints on the mechanical properties of the rock mass were analyzed. Real-time monitoring of the fracture propagation process during compression reveals the fracture propagation law and failure modes of the specimens. The results show that during the freeze-thaw cycles, the resistivity changes periodically: it increases when cooling down and decreases when warming up. Under the displacement constraints, the peak displacement of the specimen increases first and then decreases with the increase of the fracture inclination angle. When loading from both directions, the peak displacement decreases first and then increases with the increase of the number of freeze-thaw cycles. The uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus of the fractured sandstone decrease first and then increase with the increase of the inclination angle, and reach the minimum at 45°. Displacement constraints inhibit fracture freeze-thaw damage when the number of freeze-thaw cycles is less than 30 times, and exacerbate the specimen damage when it is greater than 30 times. The larger the fracture inclination angle is, the faster the crack extension speed is, and the more the crack tends to propagate horizontally. According to the crack fracture morphology of specimens, the failure modes can be divided into X-type and Y-type.

关键词

裂隙砂岩 / 冻融循环 / 单轴压缩 / 力学特性 / 裂纹演化

Key words

fractured sandstone / freeze-thaw cycles / uniaxial compression / mechanical properties / crack evolution

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金资助项目(42307222)

国家自然科学基金资助项目(52578460)

长安大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(300102214204)