A method for generating coincident design days by the heat balance method (HBM) was proposed. The hourly dynamic cooling load of a city over the years was calculated, the theoretical design load was determined based on no guarantee of 50 hours for an average year, and the coincident design day was selected by the comprehensive clustering method. The peak loads of the coincident design day and the traditional design day were calculated by the HBM and identified as the coincident design load and the traditional design load. The difference rates among the coincident design load, traditional design load, and theoretical design load of the sample rooms in Harbin, Beijing, Changsha, and Guangzhou were compared, respectively. The result shows that the deviation range of the difference rate between the coincident design load and the theoretical design load in each city is much smaller than the deviation range of the difference rate between the traditional design load and the theoretical design load. It indicates that it is more reasonable and accurate to calculate the design load of the air conditioning system based on the meteorological parameters of the coincident design day, and the coincident design day suitable for engineering application can be accurately generated by the HBM.
式中: x 为N个状态变量组成的向量,如未知温度;τ为时间,s; y 为输出向量,如热导率; u 为P个输入组成的向量,即扰动变量; A 为N×N阶常系数矩阵; B 为N×P阶常系数矩阵; C 为M×N阶常系数矩阵; D 为N×P阶常系数矩阵.
A 、 B 、 C 、 D 矩阵均为与房间围护结构热特性相关的常系数矩阵[9]. 房间扰动向量 u 的输入包括室外干球温度、邻室温度、室内空气温度、人员、设备、灯光、太阳辐射(以辐射形式转化为负荷的部分)、太阳辐射部分作用下的围护结构外表面温度等所有影响房间负荷的因素. 通过联立求解状态空间方程,可以得到围护结构各节点的温度.
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