Scours at the foundations of hydraulic structures have gradually become the major cause of structural damage. The traditional numerical simulation is based on the Euler mesh method, which is not easier to converge or accompanied by large deformation of grids and eventually results in the loss of solution efficiency and accuracy. This paper numerically simulated the scour process of riverbed by utilizing the Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics(SPH)based on the Lagrange coordinate. It treated the sediment phase as a non-Newtonian phase and divided it into three states: sediment, bed load, and suspended load. To accurately describe the effect of liquid-sediment interaction, the Drucker-Prager and Shields stress model was introduced in the numerical model as the criteria for the transformation judgment between three states of sediment, including assigning different rheological properties for sediment particles in different states. In this study, a modification scouring algorithm based on the two-phase flow was proposed, and the sediment scouring calculation module was built and accelerated by GPU. Finally, a numerical flume model was designed for comparison with the Louvain dam-break experiment as well as a similar numerical model. The conclusions are drawn: the current numerical model proposed could more accurately reflect the overall trend of scour development; the RMSE of the free surface profile of the water and sediment-liquid interface were within a reasonable range at the specified moment; the result of numerical model was in good agreement with the experimental data.
对于任意坡度下泥沙起动分析,需对水平床面临界剪切应力进行修正,得到适用于斜坡的临界剪切应力. Van Rijn[23]将修正系数分解为纵向坡和横向坡单独影响;Chen等[24]根据受力平衡推导出任意三维斜坡临界起动切应力修正系数. 本文在现有工作基础上,考虑水流升力作用影响,进行临界起动切应力斜坡修正.
图2中, i 、 j 、 k 为正交直角坐标系的单位向量; l 、 t 所在平面为斜坡床面,其中 l 处于XOZ平面,与X轴夹角为, t 处于YOZ平面,与Y轴夹角为; n 为倾斜坡面单位法向量,与Z轴正方向夹角为,由几何关系可知. 水流拖曳力方向与流速 u 方向相同. 根据Dey[25]的研究,假定水流升力方向与坡面法向量 n 一致,大小与拖曳力比值η为0.85.
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