To investigate the lateral response of a pile under the combined action of lateral harmonic load H(t) and vertical load V at the top of the pile, based on the Pasternak foundation and Euler beam theory, a lateral vibration analysis model of pile-soil interaction is established. The improved finite beam element method is used to solve the comprehensive stiffness matrix equation considering the P-Δ effect and soil shear effect, and the corresponding analytical solution is obtained by combining the pile-soil continuous boundary conditions. The rationality of the proposed method is verified by comparing its predictions with the results of existing analytical solutions, finite element solutions, and model tests. Finally, the main factors affecting the internal forces and deformations of the pile are analyzed. The results show that: 1) Compared with the Pasternak foundation model, the traditional Winkler foundation ignores the shear effect of the foundation soil, which exaggerates the actual force of the pile so that the calculated lateral displacement and bending moment of the pile are larger than the results obtained by the Pasternak foundation. Additionally, as the pile-soil elastic modulus ratio (Ep/Es) decreases, the difference in maximum lateral displacement and bending moment between the two foundation models becomes increasingly pronounced; 2) As the vertical load on the pile head increases, the lateral displacement and bending moment of the pile are significantly affected by the P-Δ effect. When the characteristic parameter λ of the vertical load on the pile head increases from 0 to 2, the maximum lateral displacement and bending moment of the pile increase by 40.85% and 78.57%, respectively; 3) Compared with the infinite pile (L>20dp ), the dynamic response of the lateral displacement and bending moment of the finite pile is more affected by the slenderness ratio L/dp; The maximum lateral displacement and bending moment of the pile increase with the increase of the amplitude of the horizontal harmonic load H0, and decrease with the increase of the dimensionless frequency a0.
JIANGJ, FUC Z, WANGS W,et al .Analytical method of soil resistance around laterally loaded piles considering its actual distribution[J].Engineering Mechanics, 2021, 38(11): 199-211.(in Chinese)
LUANL B, DINGX M, LIUH L,et al .Analytical solution of lateral dynamic response of a large diameter pipe pile considering influence of axial load[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2016, 38(10): 1859-1868.(in Chinese)
RENY, ZHUB, CHENR P, et al .Performance and control of long-term settlement of pile group foundations for large wind turbines[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2010, 43(3): 75-80.(in Chinese)
WUM, ZHAOM H, ZOUY S .Horizontal dynamic response of piles under simultaneous axial and lateral loads in layered soils[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2005, 38(12): 88-93.(in Chinese)
HUA F, XIEK H, YINGH W,et al .Analytical theory of lateral vibration of single pile in visco-elastic subgrade considering shear deformation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2004, 23(9): 1515-1520.(in Chinese)
[11]
MYLONAKISG, GAZETASG .Lateral vibration and internal forces of grouped piles in layered soil[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,1999,125(1):16-25.
QINY L, ZOUX J, CAOX .Internal forces and deformations of a single pile in uniform sand under combined action of horizontal harmonic load and torque[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2020, 41(1):147-156.(in Chinese)
YANGC W, ZHAOM H, CHENY H,et al .Force analysis of bridge double-piles foundation in high and steep cross slopes[J].Journal of Hunan University (Natural Sciences), 2018, 45(3):129-135.(in Chinese)
ZHAOM H, CHENY H, YANGC W, et al .Nonlinear analysis of pile in steep slope based on finite bar element method[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2018, 39(8): 3020-3028.(in Chinese)
[18]
PENGW Z, ZHAOM H, ZHAOH,et al .A two-pile foundation model in sloping ground by finite beam element method[J].Computers and Geotechnics,2020,122:103503.
ZHAOH P, LIX Y, WANJ H,et al .Analysis of laterally-loaded piles embedded in multi-layered soils using efficient finite-element method[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2021,42(7):1995-2003.(in Chinese)
[21]
LIX Y, ZHAOH P, LIUS W,et al .Innovative Timoshenko soil-pile integrated element for lager diameter laterally-loaded piles considering soil-pile interactions[J].Computers and Geotechnics,2022,152:105020.
KUAIX C, SHENP S .Simplified method for calculating horizontal dynamic impedances of pile groups in layered media[J]. Journal of Vibration Engineering, 1998, 11(3): 258-264.(in Chinese)
[24]
PASTERNAKP L. Fundamentals of a new method of analyzing structures on an elastic foundation by means of two foundation moduli[J]. Proceedings of the Gosudarstvennoe Izdatelstro Liberaturi Po Stroitelstvui Arkhitekture, 1954: 4-7.
[25]
BHADURIA, CHOUDHURYD. Steady-state response of flexible combined pile-raft foundation under dynamic loading[J]. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 2021, 145: 106664.
WANGJ, ZHOUD, LIUW Q,et al .Dynamic interaction between adjacent piles considering soil shear effect in layered foundation[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2013, 26(5): 732-742.(in Chinese)
[28]
WANGJ, LOS H, ZHOUD .Effect of a forced harmonic vibration pile to its adjacent pile in layered elastic soil with double-shear model[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 2014, 67: 54-65.
[29]
QETIND, SIMSEKM .Free vibration of an axially functionally graded pile with pinned ends embedded in Winkler-Pasternak elastic medium[J].Structural Engineering and Mechanics,2011,40(4): 583-594.
[30]
HALABEU B, JAINS K .Lateral free vibration of a single pile with or without an axial load[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,1996,195(3):531-544.
XIONGH, YANGF .Horizontal vibration response analysis of pile foundation in liquefied soil under Winkler foundation model[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2020,41(1):103-110. (in Chinese)
[33]
FENGZ H, COOKR D .Beam elements on two-parameter elastic foundations[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1983, 109(6):1390-1402.
ZHANGL, YUES, ZHAOM H,et al .Behaviors of pile-column piers based on modified Pasternak foundation model[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2022, 44(10): 1817-1826.(in Chinese)
[36]
GAZETASG, DOBRYR .Horizontal response of piles in layered soils[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 1984, 110(1):20-40.
[37]
TANAHASHIH .Formulas for an infinitely long Bernoulli-Euler beam on the Pasternak model[J].Soils and Foundations,2004,44(5): 109-118.
LIANGF Y, LIY C, HUANGM S . Simplified method for laterally loaded piles based on Pasternak double-parameter spring model for foundations[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2013,35(Sup.1):300-304.(in Chinese)
[40]
YAOW J, YINW X, CHENJ,et al .Numerical simulation of a super-long pile group under both vertical and lateral loads[J].Advances Structural Engineering,2010,13(6):1139-1151.
[41]
吕冰 .水平振动荷载作用下支盘桩动力特性研究[D].洛阳:河南科技大学,2015.
[42]
LÜB .Study on dynamic characteristics of branch pile under horizontal vibration load[D].Luoyang:Henan University of Science and Technology,2015.(in Chinese)
[43]
胡安峰 .桩基水平振动理论与性状研究[D].杭州: 浙江大学, 2002.
[44]
HUA F .Study on horizontal vibration theory and characteristics of pile foundation[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2002. (in Chinese)
LIANGF Y, CHENH B, SONGZ .Parameter analysis of effects of axial load on the lateral response of piles[J].Journal of Civil, Architectural & Environmental Engineering, 2011, 33(6): 25-30.(in Chinese)
ZHAOM H, LIW Z, YANGM H,et al .A model test study on displacement of piles under inclined and eccentric loads in layered soils[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2006,39(12):95-99.(in Chinese)