The long-term service performance of road structures is closely related to the subgrade humidification state. To study the moisture-controlling effect of fine-grained soil subgrade under rainfall infiltration, the typical silty clay subgrade fills in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River basin in China were selected in this paper. The hydrodynamic properties of silty clay and wicking geotextile were obtained based on the test of the pressure plate instrument, and the physical model of wicking geotextile-reinforced silty clay was constructed to investigate the migration of the water in the silty clay fill under different rainfall intensities. The development of soil moisture content and matric suction was obtained with or without the wicking geotextile. Results indicate that the wicking geotextile has a higher lateral permeability coefficient (2.2 cm/s), lower water-holding capacity, and air entry value (2.8 kPa), which can realize the lateral drainage of water under low matric suction. The migration of water inside the soil under rainfall infiltration is subjected to the combined effect of gravity potential and matric potential, and the existence of the wicking geotextile can increase the matric suction of the soil layer by 5.1~34 kPa. The soil above the geotextile is driven by gravity potential and matric potential together, and the moisture migrates from up to down. However, for the soil below the geotextile, the matric potential needs to overcome the effect of gravity potential, and drive the moisture to migrate from down to up. The moisture content of the wicking geotextile-reinforced soil is reduced from 13.8% (light rain)~17.2% (heavy rain) in the control group to 12.6% (light rain) ~ 14.0% (heavy rain), which can be effectively controlled within ωopt+2%, which is of great practical value for guaranteeing the long-term service life of the roadbed pavement.
为避免孔隙结构发生变形,对芯吸土工布切片液氮冷冻处理并进行电镜扫描测试,得到吸排水纱线纤维直径及纤维间孔隙率,测试结果如图4(b)所示.基于Image Pro Plus软件,对吸排水纤维横截面微观结构图进行量化分析,获取截面面积、纤维面积、孔隙面积,得到吸排水纤维的平均半径为14.39 μm,孔隙率为0.24;根据式(2)进一步得到孔隙平均当量半径为4.44 μm,吸排水纱线的微米级孔隙结构可大幅提高芯吸土工布的毛细吸水能力[26].
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