Dental practice procedures are accompanied by the production of large amounts of spattered particles, and prolonged exposure of healthcare workers to high concentrations of particles may lead to occupational health problems. To effectively remove spatter particles and reduce the exposure risk of medical staff, this study proposed a novel vortex exhaust hood with long-distance and high-action benefits. Numerical simulation was used to analyze the vortex exhaust hood's flow and particle removal characteristics, comparing it to the traditional top-suction exhaust hood. The optimal working conditions of the vortex exhaust hood were explored by analyzing the effects of the velocity ratio of air supply and exhaust, horizontal and vertical air supply angles on the axis velocity, pressure distribution, and particle removal efficiency of the vortex exhaust hood. Under the condition of ideal airflow parameters, the control effect of two kinds of exhaust hoods on particles with different splashing speeds was analyzed, and the application advantages of the vortex exhaust hood were explored. The results showed that the vortex hood achieved the best working conditions when the air supply and exhaust velocity ratio was 1 and the angle of horizontal and vertical air supply was 0°, respectively. The removal efficiency of particulate matter can reach 65.9%, which was better than that of 47% of the top-suction hood. This study confirms the application potential of the vortex exhaust hood in dental practice, provides a new method for local source control in dental procedures and has a reference value for the construction of prevention and control measures for the treatment micro-environment.
XINGC J, AIZ T, SHENL,et al .Spatiotemporal distribution of aerosols generated by using ultrasonic scaling instrument[J].Journal of Hunan University (Natural Sciences),2023,50(1):219-227.(in Chinese)
[3]
ZEMOURIC, DE SOETH, CRIELAARDW,et al .A scoping review on bio-aerosols in healthcare and the dental environment[J].PLoS One,2017,12(5):e0178007.
[4]
VAN DER WEIJDENF .Aerosol in the oral health-care setting:a misty topic[J].Clinical Oral Investigations,2023,27(1):23-32.
[5]
VOLGENANTC M C, DE SOETJ J. Cross-transmission in the dental office: does this make you ill?[J]. Current Oral Health Reports, 2018, 5(4): 221-228.
AIZ T, YEJ J, MELIKOVA K,et al .Present anti-pandemic ventilation measures and application of source control technology based on advanced air distribution[J].Journal of Hunan University (Natural Sciences),2022,49(5):203-214.(in Chinese)
[8]
HALLIERC, WILLIAMSD W, POTTSA J C,et al .A pilot study of bioaerosol reduction using an air cleaning system during dental procedures[J].British Dental Journal,2010,209(8):E14.
[9]
MAURAIST, KRIESEJ, FOURNIERM,et al .Effectiveness of selected air cleaning devices during dental procedures[J]. Military Medicine,2023,188(1/2):e80-e85.
[10]
JACKSM E .A laboratory comparison of evacuation devices on aerosol reduction[J].Journal of Dental Hygiene,2002,76(3):202-206.
LIUR H, LIX B, SHIS L,et al .Study on numerical simulation of a new type of rotary air curtain exhaust hood[J].Environmental Engineering,2009,27(4):68-72.(in Chinese)
PANY, WANGP F, WANGW J .Experimental study on the new type of rotary air curtain exhaust hood[J].Refrigeration & Air Conditioning,2011,25(6):562-565.(in Chinese)
[15]
CAOZ X, WANGY, DUANM J,et al .Study of the vortex principle for improving the efficiency of an exhaust ventilation system[J].Energy and Buildings,2017,142:39-48.
[16]
YANY H, LIX D, TUJ Y,et al .Characterisation and analysis of indoor tornado for contaminant removal and emergency ventilation[J].Building and Environment,2019,164:106345.
[17]
CAOZ X, WANGY, WANGM .Comparison between vortex flow and bottom-supply flow on contaminant removal in a ventilated cavity[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2018,118:223-234.
[18]
CAOZ X, WANGY, ZHAIC,et al .Performance evaluation of different air distribution systems for removal of concentrated emission contaminants by using vortex flow ventilation system[J].Building and Environment,2018,142:211-220.
[19]
CAOZ X, ZHAIC, WANGY,et al .Flow characteristics and pollutant removal effectiveness of multi-vortex ventilation in high pollution emission industrial plant with large aspect ratio[J].Sustainable Cities and Society,2020,54:101990.
[20]
XIONGX, LEEP S .Vortex-enhanced thermal environment for air-cooled data center:an experimental and numerical study[J].Energy and Buildings,2021,250:111287.
[21]
BEN-AMOTSN .Dynamics and thermodynamics of a tornado:rotation effects[J].Atmospheric Research,2016,178:320-328.
[22]
KIMS E, CHOUDHURYD, PATELB .Computations of complex turbulent flows using the commercial code fluent[M]// Modeling Complex Turbulent Flows.Dordrecht:Springer Netherlands,1999:259-276.
[23]
LIUQ, NIEW, HUAY,et al .Research on tunnel ventilation systems:dust diffusion and pollution behaviour by air curtains based on CFD technology and field measurement[J].Building and Environment,2019,147:444-460.
[24]
ZHANGZ, CHENQ .Comparison of the Eulerian and Lagrangian methods for predicting particle transport in enclosed spaces[J].Atmospheric Environment,2007,41(25):5236-5248.
[25]
LIUZ J, ZHANGP W, LIY B,et al .Assessment of spatial concentration variation and deposition of bioaerosol in a dental clinic during oral cleaning[J].Building and Environment,2021,202:108024.
[26]
ZHANGZ, CHENQ .Experimental measurements and numerical simulations of particle transport and distribution in ventilated rooms[J].Atmospheric Environment,2006,40(18):3396-3408.
[27]
XINGC J, AIZ T, LIUZ W,et al .Characteristics of droplets emission immediately around mouth during dental treatments[J].Building and Environment,2024,248:111066.
[28]
FERNÁNDEZA D, GONÇALVESJ A S, AZZOPARDIB J,et al .Drop size measurements in venturi scrubbers[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2001,56(16):4901-4911.
[29]
BASUS, KABIP, CHAUDHURIS,et al .Insights on drying and precipitation dynamics of respiratory droplets from the perspective of COVID-19[J].Physics of Fluids,2020,32(12):123317.
[30]
OWENM K, ENSORD S, SPARKSL E .Airborne particle sizes and sources found in indoor air[J]. Atmospheric Environment Part A: General Topics,1992,26(12):2149-2162.
[31]
AIZ T, MELIKOVA K .Airborne spread of expiratory droplet nuclei between the occupants of indoor environments:a review[J].Indoor Air,2018,28(4):500-524.
State drug administration of the People’s Republic of China . Dentistry-central suction source equipment:YY/T 0629—2021 [S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2021.(in Chinese)
[34]
YUY B, FANGL X, CUIW T,et al .Characteristics of columnar vortex airflow and dust escape prevention based on artificial tornado[J].Powder Technology,2024,436:119502.
[35]
LIX D, SHANGY D, YANY H,et al .Modelling of evaporation of cough droplets in inhomogeneous humidity fields using the multi-component Eulerian-Lagrangian approach[J].Building and Environment,2018,128:68-76.