1.School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350116,China
2.Fujian Key Laboratory of Special Intelligent Equipment Safety Measurement and Control,Fuzhou 350007,China
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文章历史+
Received
Published
2024-01-03
2025-02-25
Issue Date
2026-02-12
PDF (4143K)
摘要
针对随机采样一致性(random sample consensus,RANSAC)算法对含有噪声的点云数据进行平面拟合时效果不佳和容易产生误识别的问题,对算法进行改进. 通过基于密度的噪声应用空间聚类(density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise,DBSCAN)算法改变RANSAC算法初始点集合的选择策略,并使用主成分分析法(principal component analysis,PCA)计算点云各点法向量,以点到平面距离以及点的法向量与平面法向量夹角两个约束条件同时作为RANSAC算法平面拟合模型内点判定的准则. 采用无噪声与分别含有300个噪声点和500个噪声点的点云仿真数据进行测试,本文算法拟合结果均接近理论值且内点距离标准差分别为1.007×10-8、0.003、0.007,优于RANSAC算法. 采用实际工件点云数据在两种工况场景下进行测试,本文算法拟合平面内点比率相对于传统RANSAC算法分别提高24.7%和24.6%,平面提取完整度及准确率同样优于RANSAC算法. 仿真模拟及实例分析证明了本文算法的有效性.
Abstract
To address the problem of poor point cloud plane fitting effect and easy misidentification of the random sample consensus (RANSAC) algorithm for noisy point cloud data, improvements to the algorithm are necessary. The proposed algorithm employs density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) to modify the selection strategy of the initial point set in the RANSAC algorithm and uses principal component analysis (PCA) to compute the normal vectors of each point in the point cloud. Two constraint conditions, the distance from the point to the plane and the angle between the normal vectors of the point and the plane, are simultaneously used as the criteria for determining the points within the RANSAC algorithm model. The point cloud simulation data with no noise and 300 and 500 noisy points are used for testing. The fitting results of the proposed algorithm are all approximate to the theoretical values, and the standard deviations of the inner point distance are 1.007×10-8, 0.003 and 0.007, respectively, better than those of RANSAC algorithm. Using actual workpiece point cloud data for testing in two operating scenarios, the proposed algorithm improves the fitting ratio of in-plane points by 24.7% and 24.6% compared to the traditional RANSAC algorithm, respectively. The completeness and accuracy of plane extraction are also superior to those of the RANSAC algorithm. Simulation and case analysis validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
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基金资助
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFB1308603)
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFB 1308603)
福建省高校产学合作项目(2022H6016)
Fujian Province Industry Academia Cooperation Project(2022H6016)
教育部产学合作协同育人项目(231003084265411)
Collaborative Education Project of the Ministry of Education(231003084265411)