Recognition Method of Lane Change Intention Based on CNN-GRU Integrated with Logic Judgment Mechanism
Lihai REN1, Yuze KANG1, Yu LIU2, Chengyue JIANG1
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2024-01-16
2025-06-25
Issue Date
2026-02-12
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摘要
为了提升驾驶辅助系统的可靠性,进而确保行车安全,准确地识别车辆的换道意图是一个关键策略.为此提出一种基于卷积神经网络(convolutional neural network, CNN)和门控循环单元(gated recurrent unit, GRU)并融合逻辑判断机制的换道意图识别方法,能够对车辆换道意图进行有效识别.首先,基于驾驶模拟器记录了20名志愿者的驾驶行为信息,涵盖了左换道、右换道和直行3类数据,用于构建换道意图样本集.其次,采用车辆行驶特征和驾驶员行为数据构建CNN-GRU模型,通过CNN层提取特征并作为GRU层的输入.最后,在意图识别网络中融合了逻辑判断层,通过设置概率阈值的方式,解决换道意图在时间序列上的前后依赖问题.为了验证所提方法的有效性,与融合了CNN的长短期记忆(long short-term memory, LSTM)网络和GRU进行对比分析.研究结果显示,提出的模型在识别左换道、右换道和直行行为时,准确率分别达到了98.5%、96.7%和95.2%,相比其他模型展现出更高的识别精度.
Abstract
Accurately identifying the lane change intention of vehicles is a key strategy for improving the reliability of driving assistance systems and ensuring road safety. A novel method that combines convolutional neural network (CNN) and gated recurrent unit (GRU), integrated with a logic judgment mechanism, was proposed to effectively recognize the lane change intentions of vehicles. First, test data from twenty volunteers were recorded using a driving simulator including three categories: left lane change, right lane change, and straight driving. The data was used to construct a sample set of lane change intention. Secondly, a CNN-GRU model was built using vehicle driving characteristics and driver behavior data, with the CNN layer being employed to extract features as input to the GRU layer. Finally, a logic judgment layer was integrated into the intention recognition network to address the temporal dependencies of lane change intentions by setting probability thresholds. To validate the validity of the method in this study, the model was compared and analyzed with a CNN that was integrated with long short-term memory (LSTM) and GRU. The results show that the proposed model achieved recognition accuracies of 98.5% for left lane changes, 96.7% for right lane changes, and 95.2% for straight driving, demonstrating higher accuracy compared with other models.
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