To analyze the influence of the special structure of dry-type magnetic control distribution transformer (MCDT) and DC bias on the winding force, core vibration frequency response and acoustic field distribution, this paper theoretically derives the winding vibration response, core magnetostrictive stress and acoustic-vibration coupling equation, and proposes a finite element numerical model of acousto-vibration coupling response under the normal operation of dry-type magnetron distribution transformer. A good agreement between the results from the positioning tests and FE modeling verifies the feasibility of the proposed FE model. Then, the numerical model is used to calculate the influence of DC bias on magnetostriction and sound field distribution under the condition of DC bias. The results show that the windings generally show an inward shrinkage trend under the condition of DC bias, and the core vibrates at a large number of odd harmonic frequencies, such as 50 Hz, and the noise field gradually increases with the increase of DC bias.
变压器作为电压传输与分配的核心装备,如何保证其长期稳定安全地运行至关重要. 作为一种典型的多物理场耦合设备,变压器在运行过程中会受到多场的作用,形成复杂的多物理场耦合关系,干式磁控配电变压器(magnetic control distribution transformer,MCDT)作为一种新型电力设备,其运行过程中的物理场耦合情况相比于普通配电变压器更为复杂. 与此同时,变压器在运行过程中产生的噪声会危害人们健康,影响正常生活,为保障居民不受噪声的干扰,需要对磁控配电变压器噪声进行更细致的研究[1]. 现有研究成果表明,铁芯硅钢片磁致伸缩与绕组所受电磁力振动是导致变压器噪声的主要原因[2-4],考虑到磁控配电变压器运行过程中复杂的工况,对其噪声产生机理以及衰减过程进行研究,不仅可以在设计初期有效预估其噪声值,而且可为后续磁控配电变压器的噪声优化提供依据. 对绕组而言,不同于常规变压器,磁控配电变压器绕组受力情况较为独特,同时绕组发生短路故障时,突变的瞬时电流会对其造成损伤,影响变压器正常运行,因此,分析磁控配电变压器漏磁分布、受力情况以及声场分布具有重大意义.
由图18可知,磁控配电变压器无直流励磁状态下,铁芯中的磁通密度较小,远未达到饱和状态,频率以100 Hz为主;随着直流励磁电流的增大,MCDT铁芯达到饱和的速度逐渐增加,饱和速度的提升呈逐渐趋缓的状态,0~10 A过程中饱和度与饱和速度的增加较为显著,与此同时由于铁芯非线性的特性,稳定状态后的磁通密度频率由100 Hz变为50 Hz.
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