Based on three-dimensional finite element numerical simulation analysis, a numerical analysis model of double piles under vertical load was established, and the influence of different design parameters (including pile spacing, thread height, and thread length) on the vertical bearing characteristics of double piles of threaded piles was investigated. Meanwhile, the change rule of the soil displacement nephogram around the pile was analyzed, and the axial force transfer characteristics of the pile shaft were revealed and combined with the effect of bearing capacity and pile utilization rate of pile body material in order to explore the optimal design interval of the threaded structure. The results show that: with the increase of pile spacing, the mutual interference effect between piles is reduced, the load-bearing capacity of double piles is increased, and the load-bearing performance of double piles is better when the pile spacing is 4~5 times the pile outer diameter. Increasing thread height can strengthen the mechanical occlusion of the threads with the soil, which in turn enhances the bearing capacity of the double piles. In addition, the double-pile bearing capacity with the ratio of the thread height to the inner diameter of the pile of 0.5~0.6 is fully utilized. Increasing the thread length can effectively increase the contact area of the pile-soil body, thereby enhancing the lateral frictional resistance of the pile and improving the double-pile bearing capacity and the utilization rate of pile material. The optimal double-pile bearing performance was also obtained with a thread length to pile length ratio of 0.6~0.7. The most efficacious method of enhancing the bearing capacity of double piles is to increase the thread length.
利用Abaqus软件建立螺纹桩双桩三维有限元模型[9,11,14-15],模拟不同螺纹桩参数在竖向荷载作用下的承载特性,模拟桩尺寸参数与室内模型试验中的模型桩一致,内径d=16 mm,桩长L=250 mm,螺纹间距为t=15 mm. 模拟桩与土体模型均为三维实体模型,如图3(a)所示,采用四面体网格对模型进行划分,如图3(b)所示,材料参数见表2.
3 数值模拟分析
3.1 桩-土摩擦系数的影响
为探究摩擦系数对双桩承载力的影响,在保持其他参数相同的前提下,设置摩擦系数范围为0.15~0.35进行参数分析,螺牙高度h=6 mm,桩间距S= 80 mm. 取桩身下沉1 mm时的桩身荷载进行分析,如图4所示.结果表明,当摩擦系数从0.15增至0.20时,双桩承载力提升9.63%;摩擦系数从0.20增至0.25时,双桩承载力提升7.40%;摩擦系数从0.25增至0.30时,双桩承载力提升2.58%;继续增至0.35时,承载力仅增加0.84%.
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