To investigate the mechanical performance differences of widened bridges with three asymmetric beam splicing schemes, both plexiglass model test and finite element analysis were conducted to examine the mechanical behavior of the main girders and crossbeams, as well as the influence of variations in web width and crossbeam stiffness in the splicing section on critical structural sections. Additionally, a calculation formula for the equivalent stiffness coefficient of beams with non-equidistant arrangements was derived. The results show that the influence of different splicing schemes on the stress performance of the main and cross beams is most pronounced near the splicing section. The T+L-shaped splicing scheme reduces both the stress on the main beam and the lateral distribution coefficient of the bending moment in the crossbeam. For optimal performance, the web plate width of the spliced beam should be between 14 and 16 cm, and the stiffness of the spliced beam should be adjusted to 0.6- 0.8 times the original stiffness. These adjustments effectively improve the stress conditions of the beam. The error in the lateral distribution coefficient of the main beam displacement, calculated using the generalized beam grid method and the equivalent stiffness formula, is within 5%. Furthermore, the difference between the maximum bending moment and shear force values at the most critical position of the crossbeam, when compared with results from the spatial beam grid method, is within 10%.
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