Ancient timber structures are inevitably exposed to seismic actions during their long service life. The Tang Dynasty palace-style timber frame, as the earliest extant type of its kind in China, features a puzuo layer with integrated dougong-beam connections and a column frame where longitudinal continuity is provided by lan’e while transverse stability relies entirely on the puzuo layer in the absence of intercolumnar ties, exhibiting a distinct anti-seismic system from later practices. To evaluate its seismic vulnerability, a refined solid finite element model was developed for a typical single-bay, four-column Tang frame, explicitly representing the complex joint configurations. Probabilistic Seismic Demand Analysis was applied to first quantify the damage probabilities under different earthquake intensities. The results indicate that the probability of being basically intact is 56.2% under frequent earthquakes (PGA = 0.07g); under fortification-level shaking (PGA = 0.20g), moderate damage becomes dominant with a probability of 52.5%, primarily localized in the puzuo layer; under rare earthquakes (PGA = 0.40g), the probability of moderate damage increases to 71.2%, while severe damage reaches 21.6%, with failure shifting to global instability governed by column-base rocking. When compared with a comparable Song dynasty frame, the Tang structure exhibits a 32.6-percentage-point higher probability of moderate damage under rare shaking, a consequence of the absence of transverse intercolumnar ties in the cross-frame direction. This study provides quantitative reference for seismic risk assessment and post-earthquake evaluation of Tang timber frames, and contributes mechanical evidence to the understanding of seismic design evolution in traditional Chinese wooden architecture.
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基金资助
国家自然科学基金面上项目(51978038)
National Natural ScienceFoundation of China(51978038)
高等学校学科创新引智基地计划项目(B13002)
Project of the Ministry of Education and the Bureau Experts of China(B13002)