Study on strength deterioration law of loess improved by steel slag-coal gangue based geopolymer under freeze-thaw cycles
Xianxi TANG, Di XIA, Xujun ZHANG
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2025-08-07
2026-07-25
Issue Date
2026-10-13
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摘要
为研究我国西北地区季节性冻土区黄土因冻融循环易发生强度劣化的工程问题,明确钢渣-煤矸石基地聚物(steel slag-coal gangue geopolymer,SC-GP)对黄土的改良效果及冻融作用下的强度变化机制,通过宏观力学试验、微观表征试验及强度模型构建的组合方法开展研究:宏观层面采用无侧限抗压强度试验、直剪试验及崩解试验,分析不同SC-GP掺量与冻融循环次数对改良黄土力学性能的影响;微观层面通过X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction,XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)及压汞试验(mercury intrusion porosimetry,MIP),揭示水化产物演化、微观形貌变化及孔隙结构特征;基于试验数据构建SC-GP改良黄土强度劣化经验公式并验证了其准确性. 结果表明,SC-GP可显著提升黄土力学性能与抗冻融能力,20%掺量时改良效果最优;15次冻融循环后重塑黄土完全崩解,而改良黄土试件ST-4的崩解率仅为17.30%;微观机制分析表明,冻融循环主要通过增大土体孔隙、促使小孔径向大孔径转变导致宏观强度下降,所提强度劣化公式可有效预估SC-GP改良黄土的宏观强度.
Abstract
To investigate the engineering issue of strength deterioration in loess within seasonal frozen soil regions of northwest China due to freeze-thaw cycles, and to clarify the improvement effect of steel slag-coal gangue geopolymer (SC-GP) on loess and the strength variation mechanism under freeze-thaw conditions, a combined approach integrating macroscopic mechanical tests, microscopic characterization tests, and strength model construction was employed. At the macroscopic level, unconfined compressive strength tests, direct shear tests, and disintegration tests were conducted to analyze the influence of different SC-GP contents and freeze-thaw cycle numbers on the mechanical properties of improved loess. At the microscopic level, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and mercury intrusion porosimetry tests were utilized to reveal the evolution of hydration products, changes in micro-morphology, and pore structure characteristics. An empirical formula for the strength deterioration of SC-GP-improved loess was constructed based on experimental data, and its accuracy was verified. The results had shown that SC-GP could significantly enhance the mechanical properties and freeze-thaw resistance of loess, with the optimal improvement effect achieved at a 20% content. After 15 freeze-thaw cycles, the remolded loess completely disintegrated, whereas the disintegration rate of the improved loess specimen ST-4 was only 17.30%. Microscopic mechanism analysis indicates that freeze-thaw cycles primarily lead to a macroscopic decrease in strength by increasing soil porosity and promoting the transition from small to large pore sizes. The proposed strength deterioration formula can effectively predict the macroscopic strength of SC-GP-improved loess.
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