Based on the traditional “equidistant and displacement” modified cycloid pinwheel meshing pair contact analysis, a segmental modification method of the cycloid tooth profile was proposed, which considered the equal contact stress on the tooth surface. Initially, the working and non-working intervals were divided based on the minimum average pressure angle of the engaged tooth pairs. Subsequently, a polynomial fitting was used to fit the working interval modification function with the goal of equal contact stress of each tooth, a trigonometric function was used to fit the non-working interval modification function with the goal of reasonable top clearance, and a polynomial fitting was used to fit the transition interval modification function with the goal of a smooth transition of the tooth contour. Ultimately, the fitted modification functions were incorporated into the tooth profile equation in the form of equidistant modification amounts, resulting in the designed modified tooth profile curve. Theoretical calculations of post-modification contact stress and finite element simulation validation confirmed the method’s accuracy. The theoretical calculation and simulation results show that, compared with the traditional modification method, this method can control the tooth profile shape more flexibly, so that the cycloid tooth profile has more rational clearances, more uniform contact stress distribution, smaller maximum contact stress, and higher contact ratio, providing a reference for cycloidal gear design.
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