多层合采气井产量劈分方法及在延长气田的应用

Production Splitting Method for Multi-layer Commingled Gas Wells and Its Application in Yanchang Gas Field

摘要

多层合采是多产层气藏常用的开发方式，合理劈分各层产气量是气藏精细描述与气井单层产能评价的关键因素。已有的产量劈分方法存在一定的不足和缺陷：KH法和突变理论误差较大，适用性差；数值模拟法操作复杂，耗时较长；直接测量法成本高，且无法体现生产过程中各层产量贡献率变化情况。为提高多层合采气井产量劈分结果的准确度，利用气井动静态资料，建立一种新的基于节点分析的产量劈分方法。考虑各层储层性质对产量的约束，运用灰色关联分析法和层次分析法定量评价各层储层性质；基于气井多层合采节点分析方法，通过修正各层产能系数和带有约束的粒子群算法拟合实测产气量，进而求得各小层的产气量和产量贡献率。将该方法应用于延长气田，结果表明，该方法拟合的产量贡献率与产剖测试的误差更小，且能够反映各层产量贡献率随生产时间的变化。该方法适用于生产资料丰富，无产出剖面测试资料的合采气井，为气井单层产能评价提供更为精确的数据。

Abstract

Multilayer commingled production is a common development method for multi-layer gas reservoirs. Reasonable splitting of gas production in each layer is a key factor for fine description of gas reservoirs and single-layer productivity evaluation of gas wells. The existing production splitting methods have some shortcomings and defects. The KH method and the mutation theory are of large errors and poor applicability. The numerical simulation method is complicated and takes a long time. The direct measurement method has high cost and cannot reflect the change of the yield contribution rate of each layer in the production process. In order to improve the accuracy of the production splitting results of multi-layer commingled gas wells, a new production splitting method based on node analysis is established by using the dynamic and static data of gas wells. Considering the constraints of reservoir properties of each layer on production, the grey correlation analysis method and analytic hierarchy process are used to quantitatively evaluate the reservoir properties of each layer. Based on the analysis method of multi-layer commingled production nodes in gas wells, the measured gas production is fitted by modifying the productivity coefficient of each layer and the constrained particle swarm optimization algorithm, and then the gas production and yield contribution rate of each layer are obtained. This method is applied to the Yanchang Gas Field. The results show that the error between the yield contribution rate fitted by this method and the production profile test is smaller, and it can reflect the change of the yield contribution rate of each layer with the production time. This method is suitable for commingled gas wells with abundant production data and no production profile test data, and provides more accurate data for single-layer productivity evaluation of gas wells.

关键词

多层合采 / 灰色关联分析 / 产量劈分 / 节点分析 / 产能方程

Key words

multilayer commingled / grey relational analysis / production splitting / node analysis / productivity equation

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基金资助

陕西省重点研发计划(2019ZDLGY11–04)