基于钻孔变形的深层水平地应力反演方法

Inversion Method of Deep Horizontal In-situ Stress Based on Borehole Deformation

摘要

基于非均匀水平地应力条件下钻孔变形与地应力状态的关系，提出了一种基于钻孔变形的深层水平地应力反演方法。首先，基于经典Krisch井周应力方程和本构模型，推导了利用钻孔变形反演水平地应力的模型；其次，通过有限元方法对反演模型进行了验证；然后，采用有限元方法分析了井筒压力、地层岩性、水平差应力、井眼尺寸、井斜角等对水平地应力反演的影响；最后，以加拿大阿尔伯塔省两口直井实测数据检验了该方法的适用性。结果表明：非均匀水平地应力作用下井眼变形后呈椭圆形，水平地应力反演与椭圆长、短轴相关；有限元模拟验证了反演模型的准确性，最大和最小水平地应力反演误差分别为0.001%和0.052%；不同井筒压力、水平差应力、井眼尺寸和地层岩性对水平地应力反演几乎没有影响，其导致的反演误差<0.1%；但井斜角对地应力反演具有显著影响，当井斜角≤5^◦时，水平地应力反演误差<0.4%。两口实例井分析结果表明，最大和最小水平地应力反演误差<5.5%，进一步验证了该方法的准确性。研究为深层油气井水平地应力原位测量与反演提供了新思路和新方法。

Abstract

Based on the relationship between borehole deformation and in-situ stress state under non-uniform horizontal in-situ stress, an inversion method of deep horizontal in-situ stress was proposed based on borehole deformation. Firstly, based on the classical Krisch borehole stress equation and constitutive model, the inversion model of the horizontal in-situ stress was derived by using borehole deformation. Secondly, the inversion model was verified by finite element method. Then, the effects of wellbore pressure, formation lithology, horizontal differential stress, borehole size and inclination on the inversion of horizontal in-situ stress were analyzed using the finite element method. Finally, the applicability of this method is validated using measured data from two vertical wells in Alberta, Canada. The results indicate that the borehole deformation under the action of non-uniform horizontal in-situ stress is elliptical, and the inversion of the horizontal in-situ stress is related to the major and minor axes of the ellipse. The accuracy of the inversion model is verified by finite element simulation, and the inversion errors of the maximum and minimum horizontal in-situ stress are 0.001% and 0.052%, respectively. Different wellbore pressure, horizontal differential stress, borehole size and formation lithology have little effect on the inversion of horizontal in-situ stress, and the inversion error is <0.1%. However, borehole inclination has a significant effect on the in-situ stress inversion, and the inversion error of the horizontal in-situ stress is <0.4% when the borehole inclination is ≤5^◦. The analysis results of two case wells show that the inversion errors of the maximum and minimum horizontal in-situ stress are <5.5%, which further verifies the accuracy of this method. This study provides a new approach and method for in-situ measurement and inversion of horizontal in-situ stress in deep oil and gas wells.

关键词

地应力 / 钻孔变形 / 水平地应力 / 反演方法 / 有限元模拟

Key words

in-situ stress / borehole deformation / horizontal in-situ stress / inversion method / finite element simulation

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基金资助

四川省自然科学基金重点项目(2024NSFSC0023)