基于生产动态信息的深层缝洞型油藏模型优化

Optimization Method of Deep Paleokarst Reservoir Model Based on Production Dynamic Information

摘要

构建精确表征不同类型储集体强非均质性的地质模型是深层缝洞型油藏高效开发的基础。目前储集体分类建模方法构建的地质模型主要基于静态数据，与实际生产动态不完全相符，存在模型连通特征与实测井间连通性局部不吻合，未充填溶洞物性参数不确定性大，模型计算单井井控储量与动态储量差异大等问题。为了提高深层缝洞型油藏地质模型与生产动态信息的吻合程度，分别以动态连通性和动态储量为约束，构建了基于退火模拟的模型优化方法和流程。利用示踪剂和生产动态判别的连通性特征，建立裂缝示踪剂传导数学模型，构建表征示踪剂传导数据与裂缝属性关系的目标函数，局部优化部分裂缝位置，使模型连通性与动态连通数据“定量地”一致；以单井或井组的动态储量为目标，对其控制范围内储集体进行孔隙度、体积或共同优化，提高未充填溶洞孔隙度精度，减小模型井控储量与动态储量差异。结果表明：典型区块地质模型优化后示踪剂模拟和实测曲线的吻合度达到86.3%，模型中井控储量与动态储量综合符合率提高到88.5%，实现了基于动态信息优化模型的目的，提高了地质模型表征精度，降低了模型不确定性，效果显著。

Abstract

The construction of geological models that accurately characterize the strong heterogeneity of different types of reservoir groups is the geological basis for efficient development deep paleokarst reservoirs. Currently, the geological model constructed by the paleokarst classification modeling method is mainly based on static data, which is not fully consistent with the actual production dynamics. There are problems such as the local inconsistencies between the model connectivity characteristics and the measured inter-well connectivity, the uncertainties in physical properties parameters of unfilled caves, and the great differences between model-calculated well control reserves and dynamic reserves of single wells. To improve the coincidence degree between the geological model and the production dynamic information of deep paleokarst reservoirs, a model optimization method and workflow based on annealing simulation method are constructed with the constraints of dynamic connectivity and dynamic reserves. In this paper, based on the connectivity characteristics of tracer and production dynamic discrimination, the mathematical model of fracture tracer conduction is established, and the objective function that characterizes the relationship between tracer conduction data and fracture attributes is constructed. The location of part fractures is optimized locally, so that the model connectivity is quantitatively consistent with the dynamic connectivity data. Taking the dynamic reserves of single well or well group as the target, the porosity, storage volume or co-optimization of the reservoir within its control range are carried out to improve the porosity accuracy of unfilled karst caves and reduce the difference between well controlled reserves and dynamic reserves of the model. The results show that the agreement between tracer simulation and measured curves after optimization of the geological model of a typical block reaches 86.3%, and the combined compliance rate between single well control reserves and dynamic reserves in the model is increased to 88.5%. The purpose of optimizing the model based on dynamic information is realized, the uncertainty of the model is reduced, and the effect is remarkable.

关键词

动态连通性 / 动态储量 / 退火模拟 / 动态优化 / 缝洞型油藏 / 深层碳酸盐岩储层

Key words

dynamic connectivity / dynamic reserves / annealing simulation / dynamic optimization / paleokarst reservoir / deep carbonate reservoir

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