低渗缝洞型碳酸盐岩气藏早期稳产技术政策研究

Early Stable Production Technology Policy for Low Permeability Fractured and Caved Carbonate Gas Reservoir Development

摘要

碳酸盐岩油气田在全球油气资源开发中占重要地位，碳酸盐岩储层油气产量占全球油气总产量的60%以上。以安岳气田磨溪区块灯四气藏为例，该气藏基质孔隙度低、缝洞发育、非均质性强，属于典型低渗缝洞型碳酸盐岩气藏，开发过程中存在气井堵塞频发、水侵与积液风险高、气井稳产能力差异大及储量动用不均衡等突出问题。为实现气藏开发早期稳产，围绕堵塞治理、水侵监控、气井分级分类、配产优化及储量均衡动用等方面开展系统研究。通过建立井口与井下两套解堵技术体系，实施水侵动态监测与积液判别，基于K-means聚类方法开展气井分级分类管控，并结合三维地质建模与数值模拟优化单井配产、部署产能接替井。现场应用表明，解堵措施恢复日产气量148×10⁴ m³，累计增产1.83×10⁸ m³。优化配产后气藏稳产期延长5.2 a，稳产期采出程度由6.14%提高至9.45%；结合剩余储量丰度分布共部署产能接替井16口，为提高储量动用程度和实现接替稳产提供了支撑。

Abstract

Carbonate rock oil and gas fields play a vital role in the global development of oil and gas resources, and the oil and gas output from carbonate reservoirs accounts for over 60% of the world^′s total production. Taking the Deng4 Gas Reservoir in the Moxi Block of Anyue Gas Field as an example, this reservoir features low matrix porosity, well-developed fractures and vugs, and strong heterogeneity. It is a typical low-permeability fractured-vuggy carbonate gas reservoir. During production, prominent challenges frequently emerge, including frequent gas well blockage, high risks of water influx and liquid loading, large variations in the stable production capacity of individual wells, and unbalanced reserve utilization. To achieve early stable production of the gas reservoir, systematic research was conducted focusing on blockage removal, water influx monitoring, hierarchical classification of gas wells, production allocation optimization and balanced reserve production. Two sets of blockage removal technologies for wellhead and downhole operations were established. Dynamic monitoring of water influx and identification of liquid loading were implemented. Gas wells were managed by hierarchical classification based on the K-means clustering algorithm. Combined with 3D geological modeling and numerical simulation, single-well production allocation was optimized and replacement production wells were deployed. Field application results show that the blockage removal treatments restored daily gas production by (148×10⁴ m³), with a cumulative incremental production of (1.83×10⁸ m³). After production allocation optimization, the stable production period of the gas reservoir was extended by 5.2 years, and the recovery factor during stable production rose from 6.14% to 9.45%. A total of 16 replacement production wells were deployed according to the distribution of remaining reserve abundance, which provides solid support for improving reserve utilization efficiency and realizing sustained stable production.

关键词

低渗缝洞型碳酸盐岩气藏 / 灯四气藏 / 早期稳产 / 治堵控水 / 优化配产

Key words

low-permeability fractured-vuggy carbonate gas reservoir / Deng4 Gas Reservoir / early stable production / blockage treatment & water invasion control / production allocation optimization

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