木棉花水提物抗氧化活性及LC-MS 成分分析研究

Antioxidant activity and LC-MS component analysis of water extracts from the flowers of Bombax ceiba

摘要

为挖掘木棉（Bombax ceiba）花水提取物（BWE) 在抗氧化领域的应用潜能，通过研究 BWE 的不同料液比和煎煮时间对提取液中总黄酮含量及 DPPH 自由基清除率、ABTS 阳离子自由基清除率、Fe³⁺的还原能力等体外抗氧化指标的影响，筛选出最佳料液比和煎煮时间的工艺参数，继而借助液相色谱−质谱联用（LC-MS）分析技术对其化学成分进行深度鉴定分析。结果表明，在一定范围内, BWE 对 DPPH、ABTS 自由基的清除能力以及对 Fe³⁺还原能力随质量浓度的升高而升高，最佳参数为料液比 1︰12.5，煎煮时间 1.5 h，其 IC₅₀ 分别为 87.44 和 46.77 mg·L⁻¹，但其 Fe³⁺还原能力强于 VC。BWE 具有良好的抗氧化活性，在 BWE 中共识别出 73 个黄酮类化合物，其中，相对含量较高的 4 种化学成分依次为槲皮素−3−O−葡萄糖醛酸苷（49.99%）、飞燕草素−3−O−（6''−O−α−鼠李吡喃糖基−β−吡喃葡萄糖苷）（8.24%）、芦丁（7.45%）和表儿茶素（5.65%）。

Abstract

To explore the potential of the aqueous extract of Bombax ceiba flower (BWE) in the field of antioxidation, the effects of different solid-liquid ratios and decoction times on the total flavonoid content and in vitro antioxidant indices such as DPPH radical scavenging rate, ABTS cation radical scavenging rate, and Fe³⁺ reducing ability of the extract were investigated. The optimal process parameters of solid-liquid ratio and decoction time were screened out. Subsequently, the chemical components of BWE were identified and analyzed by using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to provide key scientific basis for the development and application of BWE in the field of antioxidation. The results showed that within a certain range, the scavenging ability of BWE on DPPH and ABTS radicals and the reducing ability of Fe³⁺ increased with the concentration. The optimal parameters were a solid-liquid ratio of 1:12.5 and a decoction time of 1.5 h, with IC₅₀ values being 87.44 mg·L⁻¹ and 46.77 mg·L⁻¹, respectively. However, the Fe³⁺ reducing ability of BWE was higher than that of vitamin C. These results indicated that BWE had high antioxidant activity. A total of 73 flavonoids were identified in BWE, among which four chemical components in BWE, i.e. quercetin 3-O-glucuronide (49.99%), delphinidin-3-O-(6''-O-alpha-rhamnopyranosyl-beta-glucopyranoside) (8.24%), rutin (7.45%), and gallocatechin (5.65%), were the highest in relative content and are important pharmacologically active substances. This provides a theoretical basis for further in-depth exploration and utilization of the medicinal potential of flavonoids in BWE.

关键词

木棉 / 水提物 / 抗氧化活性 / 化学成分 / 液相色谱−质谱联用（LC-MS）

Key words

Bombax ceiba / water extract / antioxidant activity / chemical composition / liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry

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基金资助

海南省自然科学基金项目(321MS010)

白沙县茶树苗繁育技术服务项目(HD-KYH202509)