海南坡鹿潜在栖息地评价

Evaluation of potential habitat for Hainan Eld's deer

摘要

针对海南坡鹿（Rucervus eldii hainanus）生境选择偏好，从物理环境、生物环境、干扰等方面考虑，选择生境类型、海拔、坡度、植被覆盖度、水源距离 5 个影响海南坡鹿生境选择的环境因子作为评价指标，通过层次分析法（AHP）构建生境适宜指数（HSI）模型，分析海南热带雨林国家公园内海南坡鹿潜在栖息地。结果表明，海南坡鹿高适宜性潜在栖息地分布在霸王岭、尖峰岭、鹦哥岭、黎母山、吊罗山等山脉的山麓下沿平原地带，低适宜性地区主要为上述各山脉的主体部分。海南坡鹿潜在栖息地分布最为集中的是霸王岭片区，共 353.21 km²，占潜在栖息地总面积的 27.20%，其次为尖峰岭片区（250.35 km²，19.28%）、黎母山（234.31 km²，18.04%）、鹦哥岭片区（207.18 km²，15.95%）、吊罗山片区（129.05 km²，9.94%）、毛瑞片区（74.32 km²，5.72%）和五指山片区（50.34 km²，3.88%）。本研究结果可为海南坡鹿适宜生境保护以及栖息地管理提供理论基础和科学依据。

Abstract

The habitat selection preferences of Hainan Eld's deer (Rucervus eldii hainanus) in Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park were analyzed by integrating physical environment, biotic factors and anthropogenic disturbances. Five key environmental variables (habitat type, elevation, slope, vegetation coverage, and distance from water sources), which affect the habitat suitability of Hainan Eld's deer, were selected as evaluation indicators for constructing a habitat suitability index (HSI) model using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to assess potential habitats for this species within the Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park. The results show that the high suitability potential habitats for Hainan Eld's deer are distributed in the plain areas along the foothills of mountain ranges such as Bawangling, Jianfengling, Yinggeling, Limushan, and Diaoluoshan, while the low suitability areas are mainly the main parts of the above-mentioned mountain ranges. The potential habitat distribution of Hainan Eld's deer is most concentrated in Bawangling area, with a total area of 353.21 km², accounting for 27.20% of the total potential habitat area, followed by Jianfengling area (250.35 km², 19.28%), Limushan area (234.31 km², 18.04%), Yinggeling area (207.18 km², 15.95%), Diaoluoshan area (129.05 km², 9.94%), Maorui area (74.32 km², 5.72%), and Wuzhishan area (50.34 km², 3.88%). These findings can provide theoretical basis and scientific basis for the protection and management of suitable habitats for Hainan Eld's deer.

关键词

海南坡鹿 / 海南热带雨林国家公园 / 层次分析法 / 生境适宜指数 / 潜在栖息地

Key words

Rucervus eldii hainanus / Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park / analytic hierarchy process / habitat suitability index / potential habitat

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基金资助

海南国家公园研究院资助项目(No.2000601)

广东省普通高校青年创新人才类项目自然科学类(2019GKQNCX058)