海南省植物分布新记录与文献修订

New records and literature revision of plant distribution in Hainan Province

摘要

在海南热带雨林国家公园尖峰岭片区调查时，发现了海南省植物新记录 4 种，分别为南岭堇菜（Viola nanlingensis J. S. Zhou & F. W. Xing）、薄叶山柑（ Capparis tenera Dalz.）、黄斑报春苣苔（Primulina flavimaculata (W. T. Wang) Mich. Möller & A. Weber）、东京魔芋（ Amorphophallus tonkinensis Engl. & Gehrm.）。每种均给出实地拍摄的照片并进行了物种形态特征描述，补充了薄叶山柑在原始文献和中国植物志中果、种子的空白。凭证标本保存于上海辰山植物标本馆（CSH）与华南国家植物园标本馆（IBSC）。同时，对陈邦余 1981 年在植物分类学报中发表的海南黄杞属（ Engelhardia）植物二新种论文中提及“云南黄杞（Engelhardia spicata Lesch. ex Blume）不产海南，原误定为云南黄杞的植物应是一新种海南黄杞（Engelhardia hainanensis P. Y. Chen）”给予纠正，即云南黄杞在海南存在分布，凭证标本存于华南植物园标本馆（IBSC）。

Abstract

During the field survey in Jianfengling district of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park, four plant species newly recorded in Hainan Province were reported, including: Viola nanlingensis J. S. Zhou & F. W. Xing, Capparis tenera Dalz and Primulina flavimaculata (W. T. Wang) Mich. Möller & A. Weber, Amorphophallus tonkinensis Engl. & Gehrm. For each species, field photographs were provided along with descriptions of their morphological characteristics. Additionally, the gaps in the original literature and the Flora of China regarding the fruit and seed descriptions of Capparis tenera were supplemented. Voucher specimens are deposited in the Shanghai Chenshan National Botanical Garden Herbarium (CSH) and the South China Botanical Garden Herbarium (IBSC). Furthermore, a correction was made regarding the 1981 publication by Chen Bangyu in the Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica, which proposed two new species of Engelhardia from Hainan and stated that "Engelhardia spicata does not occur in Hainan, and that the plants previously misidentified asEngelhardia spicata should be recognized as a new species, Engelhardia hainanensis." It has now been confirmed that Engelhardia spicata does indeed exist in Hainan, with voucher specimens deposited in the South China Botanical Garden Herbarium (IBSC).

关键词

新记录 / 堇菜科 / 山柑科 / 苦苣苔科 / 天南星科 / 胡桃科

Key words

new records / Violaceae / Capparaceae / Gesneriaceae / Araceae / Juglandaceae

参考文献

[1] Linnaeus C. Species plantarum[M]. Stockholm: Impensis Laurentii Salvii, 1753: 933-937.

[2] Batsch A J G K. Tabula affinitatum regni vegetabilis[M]. 2nd ed. Vinariae: Landes-Industrie-Comptoir, 1802: 57.

[3] Clausen J. Cytotaxonomy and distributional ecology of western North American violets[J]. Madroño, 1964, 17(6): 173-197.

[4] Ballard H E Jr. Phylogenetic relationships and infrageneric groups in Viola (Violaceae) based on morphology, chromosome numbers, natural hybridization and Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) sequences [D]. Madison: University of Wisconsin, 1996, 359.

[5] Ballard H E Jr, Sytsma K J, Kowal R R. Shrinking the violets: phylogenetic relationships of infrageneric groups in Viola (Violaceae) based on Internal Transcribed Spacer DNA sequences [J]. Systematic Botany, 1999, 23(4): 439-458. https://doi.org/10.2307/2419376

[6] Engler A. Die natürlichen pflanzenfamilien[M]. 2nd ed. Leipzig: Engelmann, 1925: 363-376.

[7] 中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会. 中国植物志: 第 51 卷 被子植物门 双子叶植物纲 堇菜科[M]. 北京: 科学出版, 1991: 8-129.

[8] Linnaeus C. Species plantarum[M]. Stockholm: Impensis Laurentii Salvii, 1753: 1, 503.

[9] de Jussieu A L. Genera plantarum[M]. Paris: Apud viduam Herissant, 1789: 242-243.

[10] Plants of the World Online. Plants of the world online[EB/OL].[2025−10−27]. https://powo.science.kew.org/

[11] Souvannakhoummane K, Fici S, Lanorsavanh S, et al. Capparis macrantha sp. nov. (Capparaceae, Brassicales), a new shrub species from a deciduous forest of the Nam Kading National Protected Area (central Lao PDR) [J]. European Journal of Taxonomy, 2020, 656: 1-12. https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2020.656

[12] 中国科学院中国植物编辑委员会. 中国植物志-第三十二卷-被子植物门 双子叶植物纲 罂粟科 山柑科[M]. 北京: 科学出版, 1999: 500.

[13] 杨文光. 广义报春苣苔属 (苦苣苔科) 系统学研究[D]. 郑州: 河南农业大学, 2016, 59.

[14] Wang Y Z, Mao R B, Liu Y, et al. Phylogenetic reconstruction of Chirita and allies (Gesneriaceae) with taxonomic treatments [J]. Journal of Systematics and Evolution, 2011, 49(1): 50-64. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-6831.2010.00113.x

[15] Weber A, Middleton D J, Forrest A, et al. Molecular systematics and remodeling of Chirita and associated genera (Gesneriaceae) [J]. Taxon, 2011, 60(3): 767-790. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.603012

[16] 中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会. 中国植物志: 第 69 卷[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1990: 333-352.

[17] Scholten J. An updated identification guide to the species of Amorphophallus (Araceae): new synonyms and a set of global dichotomous keys [J]. Blumea-Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants, 2023, 68(2): 139-161. https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2023.68.02.03

[18] Croat T B, Boyce P. Überlist - April 2023[EB/OL]. [2023−06−10]. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/369741356_Uberlist_-_April_2023.

[19] Blume C L. Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indië[M]. Batavia: Lands Drukkerij, 1826: 528.

[20] 路安民. 论胡桃科植物的地理分布[J]. 植物分类学报, 1982, 20(3): 257-274.

[21] 中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会. 中国植物志: 第 21 卷[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1979: 11-18.

[22] 广东省植物研究所. 海南植物志: 第三卷[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1974: 114-115.

[23] 陈邦余. 海南黄杞属植物二新种[J]. 植物分类学报, 1981, 19(2): 250-251.

[24] 李意德, 许涵, 骆土寿, 等. 中国生态系统定位观测与研究数据集: 森林生态系统卷: 海南尖峰岭站 (生物物种数据集)[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2012: 10-35.

[25] 许涵, 李意德, 骆土寿, 等. 海南尖峰岭不同热带雨林类型与物种多样性变化关联的环境因子[J]. 植物生态学报, 2013, 37(1): 26-36. https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00003

[26] 杨小波, 陈玉凯, 李东海, 等. 海南植物名录[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2013: 65-278.

[27] 邢福武, 陈红锋, 秦新生, 等. 中国热带雨林地区植物图鉴-海南植物 (1−3 卷)[M]. 武汉: 华中科技大学出版社, 2014: 356-1545.

[28] 李沛琼. 深圳植物志: 第 2 卷[M]. 北京: 中国林业出版社, 2010: 64.

[29] 朱华. 中国南部热带植物区系[J]. 生物多样性, 2017, 25(2): 204-217. https://doi.org/10.17520/biods.2016055

[30] Zhu H. Biogeographical evidences help revealing the origin of Hainan Island[J]. PLoS One, 2016, 11(4): e0151941. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0151941

[31] 张宏达. 海南植物区系的多样性[J]. 生态科学, 2001, 20(1/2): 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1008-8873.2001.01.001

[32] 林泽钦, 杨小波, 陈玉凯, 等. 海南本地野生维管植物区系研究[J]. 热带作物学报, 2016, 37(2): 351-358. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2016.02.022

[33] 梁彩群, 陈玉凯, 杨小波, 等. 海南省野生维管植物编目和分布数据集[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(6): 23067. https://doi.org/10.17520/biods.2023067

[34] 张培春, 杨小波, 陈琳, 等. 条纹双唇兰, 中国兰科双唇兰属一新记录种 (英文)[J]. 热带亚热带植物学报, 2022, 30(1): 132-134. https://doi.org/10.11926/jtsb.4445

[35] 陈又生, 王清隆, 廖俊杰, 等. 中国菊科二新记录属 (英文)[J]. 热带亚热带植物学报, 2022, 30(2): 257-266. https://doi.org/10.11926/jtsb.4453

[36] 朱华. 论中国海南岛的生物地理起源[J]. 植物科学学报, 2020, 38(6): 839-843. https://doi.org/10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.2020.60839

基金资助

海南省重点研发项目(ZDYF2023SHFZ174–KT4)

中国林业科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(CAFYBB2024ZA032-3)