儿童肝移植术后基于细胞的免疫耐受诱导策略的研究进展

Research progress on cell-based immune tolerance induction strategies after pediatric liver transplantation

摘要

如何使儿童肝移植受者在摆脱长期免疫抑制药的同时维持移植物功能，是当前儿童肝移植领域面临的核心挑战。利用患儿免疫系统的发育可塑性，主动诱导免疫耐受，是解决这一难题的根本途径。本文综述了儿童肝移植术后基于细胞的免疫耐受诱导策略，系统分析了调节性T细胞、调节性B细胞、调节性树突状细胞、间充质干细胞、造血干细胞、Vδ1 γδ T细胞及肝星状细胞等策略的作用机制与研究进展，总结了该领域的核心进展与转化挑战，并对治疗个体化、细胞工程化、方案联合化的未来进行了展望。

Abstract

How to enable children who receive liver transplantation to abandon long-term immunosuppressive drugs while maintaining the function of the transplant organ is the core challenge currently faced in the field of pediatric liver transplantation. Utilizing the developmental plasticity of the child's immune system and actively inducing immune tolerance is the fundamental approach to solving this problem. This article reviews the cell-based immune tolerance induction strategies after pediatric liver transplantation, systematically analyzes the mechanism and research progress of regulatory T cells, regulatory B cells, regulatory dendritic cells, mesenchymal stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, Vδ1 γδ T cells and hepatic stellate cells, summarizes the core progress and translational challenges in this field, and looks forward to the future of individualized treatment, cell engineering and combined treatment regimens.

关键词

儿童肝移植 / 免疫耐受 / 细胞治疗 / 调节性T细胞 / 调节性树突状细胞 / 间充质干细胞 / 造血干细胞 / 肝星状细胞

Key words

Pediatric liver transplantation / Immune tolerance / Cell therapy / Regulatory T cell / Regulatory dendritic cell / Mesenchymal stem cell / Hematopoietic stem cell / Hepatic stellate cell

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基金资助

上海市自然科学基金(23ZR1438600)