The transient receptor potential channels in blood vessel: physiological function, dysfunction and the related diseases

The transient receptor potential channels in blood vessel: physiological function, dysfunction and the related diseases

摘要

Transient receptor potential (TRP) genes were first described in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster.The TRP channels are widely present in central and peripheral nervous systems in mammalian.Most of the TRP channels are voltage independent and non selective cation channels.Among the 33 identified TRP channel proteins,at least 19 of them are expressed in blood vessel (mainly expressed in the vascular endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells).These channels are responsible for the influx or efflux of Ca2+ and therefore contribute to vascular functions including regulation of vascular permeability,controlling vascular tone,mechanosensation and vascular secretion.Abnormal expression and/or dysfunction of TRP channels were observed in the hypertensive blood vessels and other vascular diseases.This article reviews the physiological function of the TRP channels in blood vessel and briefly describes the role of the TRP channels in developing vascular related diseases.