碳酸盐岩沉积微相特征及储层控制因素——以塔河油田东南缘 X 井中-上奥陶统为例

Characteristics and control factors on favorable reservoirs of carbonate sedimentary microfacies: a case study of Middle-Upper Ordovician in well X, southeastern margin of Tahe Oilfield

摘要

为明确碳酸盐岩沉积微相与储层物性关系，根据塔河油田东南缘 X 井中一上奥陶统的岩心、薄片和测井等资料，分析储层岩石类型及沉积微相特征，研究储层物性及控制因素。结果表明：塔河油田 X 井中一上奥陶统发育泥晶生屑灰岩、亮晶生屑灰岩、含球粒亮晶藻鮞灰岩、具鸟眼构造的泥晶灰岩、含钙质绿藻生屑泥晶灰岩、生屑泥晶灰岩、亮晶集合粒灰岩、含集合粒亮晶鲕粒灰岩、泥晶砂屑生屑灰岩、亮晶砂屑灰岩和泥晶灰岩 11 种岩石类型；发育砂屑滩、生屑滩、鮞粒滩、滩间海、藻鳁滩和灰坪 6 种沉积微相；发育溶洞型、裂缝-溶洞型和裂缝型 3 种储层。研究区孔隙度、渗透率的差异主要受沉积微相和后期溶蚀改造的影响，砂屑滩、生屑滩、鲕粒滩和藻鲕滩的储层物性相对较好，为裂缝一溶洞型储层，是发育优质储层的有利相带。该结果为塔河油田东南缘奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层勘探提供参考。

Abstract

In order to clarify the relationship between carbonate sedimentary microfacies and reservoir physical properties, based on the core, thin section and logging data of Middle-Upper Ordovith in well X in the southeastern margin of Tahe Oilfield, the reservoir lithology types and sedimentary microfacies characteristics are analyzed, and the controlling factors of reservoir physical properties are studied. The results show that there are eleven rock types in Middle-Upper Ordovician in well X of Tahe Oilfield: bioclastic packstone, bioclastic grainstone, algal oolitic grainstone containing spherulite, microsparry grainstone with pane structure, bioclastic wackestone containing calcareous green alga, bioclastic wacke-stone, aggregate grainstone, oolitic grainstone containing aggregate grain, bioclastic and clastic packstone, clastic grainstone, mudstone. There are six types of sedimentary microfacies: sandy bank, bioclastic bank, oolitic bank, inter-bank sea, algal oolitic bank and gray flat microfacies. Reservoirs can be divided into three types: karst caves, fractures-cave and fractures. Quantitative analysis of reservoir physical properties, it is considered that the difference of porosity and permeability is mainly affected by sedimentary microfacies and later dissolution transformation. The sedimentary microfacies of sandy bank, bioclastic bank, oolitic bank and algal oolitic bank have relatively good physical properties, belonging to fracture-cave type reservoir, which is a favorable facies zone for the development of high-quality reservoir. The results provide a reference for further exploration and research of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the southeastern margin of Tahe Oilfield.

关键词

塔河油田 / X井 / 中-上奥陶统 / 碳酸盐岩 / 沉积微相 / 储层特征 / 控制因素

Key words

Tahe Oilfield / well X / Middle-Upper Ordovician / carbonate rocks / sedimentary microfacies / reservoir characteristics / control factor

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基金资助

中国石化科技部项目(P20042)