渤海南部碳酸盐岩潜山储层特征及发育模式——以渤中28-29区为例

The characteristics and development pattern of carbonate buried hill reservoirs in the Southern Bohai Sea: a case study of Bozhong 28-29 Area

摘要

渤海南部渤南低凸起中段渤中28-29区碳酸盐岩潜山储层空间分布复杂。根据钻井、测井、岩心、薄片及地震等资料,分析碳酸盐岩潜山储层特征、主控因素及发育模式。结果表明:碳酸盐岩潜山发育表生岩溶和内幕岩溶两套储层,具有垂向分带特征。表生岩溶带白云岩和灰岩可作为有利储集岩,受构造破裂作用及溶蚀作用控制,白云岩储层在距离潜山面0~380 m内发育,形成宽带效应,灰岩储层一般在距离潜山面0~100 m内发育,储层相对较薄。内幕岩溶储层发育程度与岩性密切相关,白云岩相对发育区的储层整体物性较好。内幕岩溶储层发育主要受构造破裂作用成因的微裂缝影响,其次受溶蚀作用影响,在颗粒为细晶及以上级别的白云岩中可见溶蚀孔隙;破裂作用在表生岩溶储层带和内幕岩溶储层带的形成上具有差异性,内幕岩溶储层主要以构造缝为主,表生岩溶储层具有岩溶孔缝和构造破裂缝叠合特点,受控于构造单元及构造部位;表生岩溶带潜山高部位、东西向主断层上升盘的背斜褶皱区是孔缝发育有利区。该结果对渤海南部碳酸盐岩潜山储层的下一步勘探具有指导意义。

Abstract

The spatial distribution of carbonate buried hill reservoirs in the Bozhong 28-29 Area of the Southern Bohai Sea is complex. Based on drilling, logging, core, thin section, and seismic data, the characteristics, main controlling factors, and development patterns of carbonate reservoirs in buried hills are analyzed. The results show that the buried hills in carbonate rocks have two sets of reservoirs developed from surface karst and buried karst, with vertical zonation characteristics. Limestone and dolomite in the surface karst zone can serve as favorable reservoir rocks, controlled by structural fracturing and dissolution. Limestone reservoirs can develop within a range of 0-380 m from the buried hill surface, forming a wide band effect, while dolomite reservoirs generally develop within 0-100 m from the buried hill surface, with relatively thin reservoirs. The development of reservoirs in the buried karst zone is closely related to lithology, with limestone being relatively well developed. The development of reservoirs in buried karst is mainly due to structural fracturing, followed by dissolution, with dissolution pores present in microcrystalline limestone and above. There are differences in the formation of fractured reservoirs in the surface karst zone and buried karst zone, with structural fractures being predominant in the buried karst zone, while the surface karst zone exhibits a combination of karst pores and structural fractures, controlled by structural units and positions. The high position of the surface karst zone on the buried hill and the east-west trending main fault uplift anticline fold zone is a favorable area for the development of pores and fractures. The results have guiding significance for the next exploration of the carbonate buried hill reservoirs in the southern part of Bohai Sea.

关键词

碳酸盐岩潜山 / 表生岩溶 / 内幕岩溶 / 储层特征 / 主控因素 / 分布模式 / 渤南低凸起

Key words

carbonate buried hills / surface karst / buried karst / reservoir characteristics / main controlling factors / distribution pattern / Bonan Low Uplift

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基金资助

中海石油(中国)有限公司重大科技专项(CNOOC-KJ135ZDXM36TJ08TJ)