腐殖煤三环萜烷类化合物差异影响与分布模式——来自芳香烃化合物的证据

Differential effects and distribution patterns of tricyclic terpanes in humic coal: evidence from aromatic hydrocarbon compounds

摘要

鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界、塔里木盆地和准噶尔盆地中生界煤系烃源岩广泛发育,腐殖煤饱和烃三环萜烷相对丰度高,三环萜烷(TT)分布模式、绝对浓度及不同碳数化合物比值存在差异。采用有机地球化学方法和色谱-质谱分析技术,研究28个腐殖煤样品的宏观地球化学特征、饱和烃和芳烃生物标志物组成,探讨芳烃成熟度、沉积环境、成烃母质对三环萜烷差异影响及分布模式。结果表明:腐殖煤样品分为两种类型,Ⅰ类腐殖煤以C₁₉TT为主峰,Pr/Ph高,C₂₄四环萜烷(C₂₄TeT)相对丰度较高;栻类腐殖煤以C₂₃TT为主峰,Pr/Ph较低,C₂₄TeT相对丰度低。C19TT/C23TT与芳烃成熟度参数(F1、F2、4-MDBT/1-MDBT)无明显相关关系,不同类型腐殖煤三环萜烷分布模式受有机质热演化程度影响较小。C₁₉TT/C₂₃TT与沉积环境相关的芳烃参数之间的相关关系,揭示Ⅰ类和栻类腐殖煤样品存在明显的分区性,栻类腐殖煤沉积环境的还原性强于Ⅰ类腐殖煤的。海水作用导致沉积环境改变,微生物对高等植物改造使栻类腐殖煤的成烃母质与以原始高等植物为生烃母质的Ⅰ类腐殖煤不同。该结果为生物标志化合物在油气勘探中的应用提供有益的地球化学参数。

Abstract

The Upper Paleozoic coal-measure source rocks in the Ordos Basin ,the Mesozoic coal-measuresource rocks in the Tarim Basin,and the Mesozoic coal-measure source rocks in the Junggar Basin areextensively developed,enriched with tricyclic terpane content in humic coal. There are significant differ-ences in the distribution patterns of tricyclic terpane(TT), absolute concentrations,and the ratios ofcompounds with different carbon numbers among the samples. The macroscopic geochemical character-istics,saturated hydrocarbon and aromatic hydrocarbon biomarkers of 28 humic coal samples were stud-ied by organic geochemical methods and chromatography-mass spectrometry. The effects of aromatic hydrocarbon maturity,sedimentary environment and hydrocarbon-forming parent materials on thedifferences and distribution patterns of tricyclic terpanes were discussed.The results show that the hu-mic coal samples are divided into two types. Type Ⅰ humic coal has C₁₉T'T as the main peak,high Pr)Ph value and high relative abundance of C₂₄ tetracyclic terpane(C₂₄TeT).The main peak of type Ⅱ hu-mic coal is C₂₃TT,the Pr/Ph value is low, and the relative abundance of C₂₄TeT is low.There is no sig-nificant correlation between C₁₉TT/C₂₃TT value and aromatic maturity parameters(F1,F2,4-MDBT/1-MDBT),suggesting that the difference in the distribution pattern of tricyclic terpane in different typesof humic coal is less affected by the thermal evolution of organic matter. The correlation between the C₁₉TT/C₂₃TT value and the aromatic hydrocarbon parameters related to the sedimentary environment re-veals that there is a clear zoning between the type Ⅰ humic coal and the type Ⅱ humic coal samples,andthe reducibility of the sedimentary environment of the type Ⅱ humic coal samples is stronger than thatof the type Ⅰ humic coal.Seawater action leads to the change of sedimentary environment. The trans-formation of higher plants by microorganisms makes the hydrocarbon-forming parent material of type llhumic coal different from that of type Ⅰ humic coal with original higher plants as hydrocarbon-formingparent material. The results provide useful geochemical parameters for the application of biomarkercompounds in oil and gas exploration.

关键词

三环萜烷 / 主控因素 / 沉积环境 / 海水作用 / 芳烃 / 饱和烃 / 腐殖煤 / 鄂尔多斯盆地 / 塔里木盆地 / 准噶尔盆地

Key words

tricyclic terpanes / main controlling factors / sedimentary environment / seawater effect / aromatic hydrocarbons / satisfied hydrocarbons / humic coal / Ordos Basin / Tarim Basin / Junggar Basin

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(42072165)