四川盆地泸州中部地区龙马溪组构造裂缝期次及演化模式

Tectonic fracture stages and evolution model of Longmaxi Formation in Central Luzhou Area, Sichuan Basin

摘要

川南地区龙马溪组深层页岩气具有较大的勘探潜力，构造裂缝是页岩气保存和有效开发的关键因素之一。基于岩心观测、成像测井、包裹体实验、碳氧同位素实验、声发射实验及埋藏一热演化史等资料，研究四川盆地泸州中部地区龙马溪组构造裂缝形成期次及演化模式。结果表明：研究区龙马溪组岩心裂缝主要以构造成因的剪切缝为主，具有高角度、高充填特点，占比约为 45% 。构造裂缝演化可分为 3 期，I 期构造裂缝形成于印支运动中期（ 235 \sim 225 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{a}），裂缝充填物主要为方解石，流体包裹体均一温度在 118 \sim 136 { }^{\circ } \mathrm{C} 之间，主要裂缝是 NW 和 NNE 向平面 X 型共轭剪切缝、 NEE 向剖面剪切缝；II期构造裂缝形成于喜马拉雅运动早期（ 69 \sim 46 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{a}），裂缝充填物主要为方解石，流体包裹体均一温度在 206 \sim 235 { }^{\circ } \mathrm{C} 之间，主要裂缝是 NWW 和 NNW 向平面 X 型共轭剪切缝、NE 向剖面剪切缝；III期构造裂缝形成于喜马拉雅运动中期至今（30 Ma 至今），裂缝充填物为方解石，流体包裹体均一温度在 155 \sim 195 { }^{\circ } \mathrm{C} 之间，主要裂缝是 NWW 和近 EW 向平面 X 型共轭剪切缝、近 NNE 向剖面剪切缝。该结果为沪州中部地区页岩气储层裂缝精细表征、有利区优选及勘探开发提供支持。

Abstract

The deep shale gas of Longmaxi Formation in Southern Sichuan has great exploration potential, and tectonic fractures are one of the key factors for shale gas preservation and effective development. Based on the data of core observation, imaging logging, inclusion analysis, carbon and oxygen isotope experiment, acoustic emission experiment and burial thermal evolution history, the formation stages and evolution models of tectonic fractures are studied. The results show that the core fractures of Longmaxi Formation in the Central Luzhou Area of Sichuan Basin are mainly shear fractures of structural origin with high angle and high filling, accounting for about 45%. The structural fractures in the study area can be divided into three stages. The structural fractures in phase I were formed in the middle stage of the Indosinian movement (235-225Ma), the fracture filling was mainly calcite, and the homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions was between 118 - 136 { }^{\circ } \mathrm{C}. The main fracture orientation was NW and NNE plane X-type conjugate shear fractures and NEE section shear fractures. The structural fractures of stage II were formed in the early stage of the Himalayan movement(69-46 Ma). The filling material of the fractures was mainly calcite, the homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions was between 206-235 { }^{\circ } \mathrm{C}, and the orientation of the fractures was NWW and NNW plane X-type conjugate shear fractures and NE section shear fractures. The structural fractures of stage III were formed from middle stage of Himalayan period to the present (30 Ma to the present). The fractures were filled with calcite and the homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions was between 155 - 195 { }^{\circ } \mathrm{C}. The main fracture orientation was NWW and X-type conjugate shear fractures near EW direction, and shear fractures near NNE direction. The results provide theoretical support for fine characterization of reservoir fractures, selection of favorable areas and subsequent exploration and development in the Central Luzhou Area.

关键词

构造裂缝 / 裂缝期次 / 演化模式 / 龙马溪组 / 泸州中部地区 / 四川盆地

Key words

tectonic fracture / fracture stage / evolutionary model / Longmaxi Formation / Central Luzhou Area / Sichuan Basin

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基金资助

中国石油重大工程技术现场试验项目(2019F-31-01)